_cursesmodule.c

/*
 *   This is a curses module for Python.
 *
 *   Based on prior work by Lance Ellinghaus and Oliver Andrich
 *   Version 1.2 of this module: Copyright 1994 by Lance Ellinghouse,
 *    Cathedral City, California Republic, United States of America.
 *
 *   Version 1.5b1, heavily extended for ncurses by Oliver Andrich:
 *   Copyright 1996,1997 by Oliver Andrich, Koblenz, Germany.
 *
 *   Tidied for Python 1.6, and currently maintained by <amk@amk.ca>.
 *
 *   Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
 *   a copy of this source file to use, copy, modify, merge, or publish it
 *   subject to the following conditions:
 *
 *   The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
 *   in all copies or in any new file that contains a substantial portion of
 *   this file.
 *
 *   THE  AUTHOR  MAKES  NO  REPRESENTATIONS ABOUT  THE  SUITABILITY  OF
 *   THE  SOFTWARE FOR  ANY  PURPOSE.  IT IS  PROVIDED  "AS IS"  WITHOUT
 *   EXPRESS OR  IMPLIED WARRANTY.  THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS  ALL WARRANTIES
 *   WITH  REGARD TO  THIS  SOFTWARE, INCLUDING  ALL IMPLIED  WARRANTIES
 *   OF   MERCHANTABILITY,  FITNESS   FOR  A   PARTICULAR  PURPOSE   AND
 *   NON-INFRINGEMENT  OF THIRD  PARTY  RIGHTS. IN  NO  EVENT SHALL  THE
 *   AUTHOR  BE LIABLE  TO  YOU  OR ANY  OTHER  PARTY  FOR ANY  SPECIAL,
 *   INDIRECT,  OR  CONSEQUENTIAL  DAMAGES  OR  ANY  DAMAGES  WHATSOEVER
 *   WHETHER IN AN  ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE,  STRICT LIABILITY OR
 *   ANY OTHER  ACTION ARISING OUT OF  OR IN CONNECTION WITH  THE USE OR
 *   PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
 */

/*

  A number of SysV or ncurses functions don't have wrappers yet; if you
  need a given function, add it and send a patch.  See
  http://www.python.org/dev/patches/ for instructions on how to submit
  patches to Python.

  Here's a list of currently unsupported functions:

  addchnstr addchstr color_set define_key
  del_curterm delscreen dupwin inchnstr inchstr innstr keyok
  mcprint mvaddchnstr mvaddchstr mvcur mvinchnstr
  mvinchstr mvinnstr mmvwaddchnstr mvwaddchstr
  mvwinchnstr mvwinchstr mvwinnstr newterm
  restartterm ripoffline scr_dump
  scr_init scr_restore scr_set scrl set_curterm set_term setterm
  tgetent tgetflag tgetnum tgetstr tgoto timeout tputs
  vidattr vidputs waddchnstr waddchstr
  wcolor_set winchnstr winchstr winnstr wmouse_trafo wscrl

  Low-priority:
  slk_attr slk_attr_off slk_attr_on slk_attr_set slk_attroff
  slk_attron slk_attrset slk_clear slk_color slk_init slk_label
  slk_noutrefresh slk_refresh slk_restore slk_set slk_touch

  Menu extension (ncurses and probably SYSV):
  current_item free_item free_menu item_count item_description
  item_index item_init item_name item_opts item_opts_off
  item_opts_on item_term item_userptr item_value item_visible
  menu_back menu_driver menu_fore menu_format menu_grey
  menu_init menu_items menu_mark menu_opts menu_opts_off
  menu_opts_on menu_pad menu_pattern menu_request_by_name
  menu_request_name menu_spacing menu_sub menu_term menu_userptr
  menu_win new_item new_menu pos_menu_cursor post_menu
  scale_menu set_current_item set_item_init set_item_opts
  set_item_term set_item_userptr set_item_value set_menu_back
  set_menu_fore set_menu_format set_menu_grey set_menu_init
  set_menu_items set_menu_mark set_menu_opts set_menu_pad
  set_menu_pattern set_menu_spacing set_menu_sub set_menu_term
  set_menu_userptr set_menu_win set_top_row top_row unpost_menu

  Form extension (ncurses and probably SYSV):
  current_field data_ahead data_behind dup_field
  dynamic_fieldinfo field_arg field_back field_buffer
  field_count field_fore field_index field_info field_init
  field_just field_opts field_opts_off field_opts_on field_pad
  field_status field_term field_type field_userptr form_driver
  form_fields form_init form_opts form_opts_off form_opts_on
  form_page form_request_by_name form_request_name form_sub
  form_term form_userptr form_win free_field free_form
  link_field link_fieldtype move_field new_field new_form
  new_page pos_form_cursor post_form scale_form
  set_current_field set_field_back set_field_buffer
  set_field_fore set_field_init set_field_just set_field_opts
  set_field_pad set_field_status set_field_term set_field_type
  set_field_userptr set_fieldtype_arg set_fieldtype_choice
  set_form_fields set_form_init set_form_opts set_form_page
  set_form_sub set_form_term set_form_userptr set_form_win
  set_max_field set_new_page unpost_form


*/

/* Release Number */

char *PyCursesVersion = "2.2";

/* Includes */

#define PY_SSIZE_T_CLEAN

#include "Python.h"


#ifdef __hpux
#define STRICT_SYSV_CURSES
#endif

#define CURSES_MODULE
#include "py_curses.h"

/*  These prototypes are in <term.h>, but including this header
    #defines many common symbols (such as "lines") which breaks the
    curses module in other ways.  So the code will just specify
    explicit prototypes here. */
extern int setupterm(char *,int,int *);
#ifdef __sgi
#include <term.h>
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_LANGINFO_H
#include <langinfo.h>
#endif

#if !defined(HAVE_NCURSES_H) && (defined(sgi) || defined(__sun) || defined(SCO5))
#define STRICT_SYSV_CURSES       /* Don't use ncurses extensions */
typedef chtype attr_t;           /* No attr_t type is available */
#endif

#if defined(_AIX)
#define STRICT_SYSV_CURSES
#endif

/*[clinic input]
module curses
class curses.window "PyCursesWindowObject *" "&PyCursesWindow_Type"
[clinic start generated code]*/
/*[clinic end generated code: output=da39a3ee5e6b4b0d input=88c860abdbb50e0c]*/

#include "clinic/_cursesmodule.c.h"

/* Definition of exception curses.error */

static PyObject *PyCursesError;

/* Tells whether setupterm() has been called to initialise terminfo.  */
static int initialised_setupterm = FALSE;

/* Tells whether initscr() has been called to initialise curses.  */
static int initialised = FALSE;

/* Tells whether start_color() has been called to initialise color usage. */
static int initialisedcolors = FALSE;

static char *screen_encoding = NULL;

/* Utility Macros */
#define PyCursesSetupTermCalled                                         \
    if (initialised_setupterm != TRUE) {                                \
        PyErr_SetString(PyCursesError,                                  \
                        "must call (at least) setupterm() first");      \
        return 0; }

#define PyCursesInitialised                             \
    if (initialised != TRUE) {                          \
        PyErr_SetString(PyCursesError,                  \
                        "must call initscr() first");   \
        return 0; }

#define PyCursesInitialisedColor                                \
    if (initialisedcolors != TRUE) {                            \
        PyErr_SetString(PyCursesError,                          \
                        "must call start_color() first");       \
        return 0; }

/* Utility Functions */

/*
 * Check the return code from a curses function and return None
 * or raise an exception as appropriate.  These are exported using the
 * capsule API.
 */

static PyObject *
PyCursesCheckERR(int code, const char *fname)
{
    if (code != ERR) {
        Py_INCREF(Py_None);
        return Py_None;
    } else {
        if (fname == NULL) {
            PyErr_SetString(PyCursesError, catchall_ERR);
        } else {
            PyErr_Format(PyCursesError, "%s() returned ERR", fname);
        }
        return NULL;
    }
}

/* Convert an object to a byte (an integer of type chtype):

   - int
   - bytes of length 1
   - str of length 1

   Return 1 on success, 0 on error (invalid type or integer overflow). */
static int
PyCurses_ConvertToChtype(PyCursesWindowObject *win, PyObject *obj, chtype *ch)
{
    long value;
    if(PyBytes_Check(obj) && PyBytes_Size(obj) == 1) {
        value = (unsigned char)PyBytes_AsString(obj)[0];
    }
    else if (PyUnicode_Check(obj)) {
        if (PyUnicode_GetLength(obj) != 1) {
            PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
                         "expect bytes or str of length 1, or int, "
                         "got a str of length %zi",
                         PyUnicode_GET_LENGTH(obj));
            return 0;
        }
        value = PyUnicode_READ_CHAR(obj, 0);
        if (128 < value) {
            PyObject *bytes;
            const char *encoding;
            if (win)
                encoding = win->encoding;
            else
                encoding = screen_encoding;
            bytes = PyUnicode_AsEncodedObject(obj, encoding, NULL);
            if (bytes == NULL)
                return 0;
            if (PyBytes_GET_SIZE(bytes) == 1)
                value = (unsigned char)PyBytes_AS_STRING(bytes)[0];
            else
                value = -1;
            Py_DECREF(bytes);
            if (value < 0)
                goto overflow;
        }
    }
    else if (PyLong_CheckExact(obj)) {
        int long_overflow;
        value = PyLong_AsLongAndOverflow(obj, &long_overflow);
        if (long_overflow)
            goto overflow;
    }
    else {
        PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
                     "expect bytes or str of length 1, or int, got %s",
                     Py_TYPE(obj)->tp_name);
        return 0;
    }
    *ch = (chtype)value;
    if ((long)*ch != value)
        goto overflow;
    return 1;

overflow:
    PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
                    "byte doesn't fit in chtype");
    return 0;
}

/* Convert an object to a byte (chtype) or a character (cchar_t):

    - int
    - bytes of length 1
    - str of length 1

   Return:

    - 2 if obj is a character (written into *wch)
    - 1 if obj is a byte (written into *ch)
    - 0 on error: raise an exception */
static int
PyCurses_ConvertToCchar_t(PyCursesWindowObject *win, PyObject *obj,
                          chtype *ch
#ifdef HAVE_NCURSESW
                          , cchar_t *wch
#endif
                          )
{
    long value;
#ifdef HAVE_NCURSESW
    wchar_t buffer[2];
#endif

    if (PyUnicode_Check(obj)) {
#ifdef HAVE_NCURSESW
        if (PyUnicode_AsWideChar(obj, buffer, 2) != 1) {
            PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
                         "expect bytes or str of length 1, or int, "
                         "got a str of length %zi",
                         PyUnicode_GET_LENGTH(obj));
            return 0;
        }
        memset(wch->chars, 0, sizeof(wch->chars));
        wch->chars[0] = buffer[0];
        return 2;
#else
        return PyCurses_ConvertToChtype(win, obj, ch);
#endif
    }
    else if(PyBytes_Check(obj) && PyBytes_Size(obj) == 1) {
        value = (unsigned char)PyBytes_AsString(obj)[0];
    }
    else if (PyLong_CheckExact(obj)) {
        int overflow;
        value = PyLong_AsLongAndOverflow(obj, &overflow);
        if (overflow) {
            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
                            "int doesn't fit in long");
            return 0;
        }
    }
    else {
        PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
                     "expect bytes or str of length 1, or int, got %s",
                     Py_TYPE(obj)->tp_name);
        return 0;
    }

    *ch = (chtype)value;
    if ((long)*ch != value) {
        PyErr_Format(PyExc_OverflowError,
                     "byte doesn't fit in chtype");
        return 0;
    }
    return 1;
}

/* Convert an object to a byte string (char*) or a wide character string
   (wchar_t*). Return:

    - 2 if obj is a character string (written into *wch)
    - 1 if obj is a byte string (written into *bytes)
    - 0 on error: raise an exception */
static int
PyCurses_ConvertToString(PyCursesWindowObject *win, PyObject *obj,
                         PyObject **bytes, wchar_t **wstr)
{
    if (PyUnicode_Check(obj)) {
#ifdef HAVE_NCURSESW
        assert (wstr != NULL);
        *wstr = PyUnicode_AsWideCharString(obj, NULL);
        if (*wstr == NULL)
            return 0;
        return 2;
#else
        assert (wstr == NULL);
        *bytes = PyUnicode_AsEncodedObject(obj, win->encoding, NULL);
        if (*bytes == NULL)
            return 0;
        return 1;
#endif
    }
    else if (PyBytes_Check(obj)) {
        Py_INCREF(obj);
        *bytes = obj;
        return 1;
    }

    PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError, "expect bytes or str, got %s",
                 Py_TYPE(obj)->tp_name);
    return 0;
}

/* Function versions of the 3 functions for testing whether curses has been
   initialised or not. */

static int func_PyCursesSetupTermCalled(void)
{
    PyCursesSetupTermCalled;
    return 1;
}

static int func_PyCursesInitialised(void)
{
    PyCursesInitialised;
    return 1;
}

static int func_PyCursesInitialisedColor(void)
{
    PyCursesInitialisedColor;
    return 1;
}

/*****************************************************************************
 The Window Object
******************************************************************************/

/* Definition of the window type */

PyTypeObject PyCursesWindow_Type;

/* Function prototype macros for Window object

   X - function name
   TYPE - parameter Type
   ERGSTR - format string for construction of the return value
   PARSESTR - format string for argument parsing
*/

#define Window_NoArgNoReturnFunction(X)                 \
    static PyObject *PyCursesWindow_ ## X               \
    (PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)        \
    { return PyCursesCheckERR(X(self->win), # X); }

#define Window_NoArgTrueFalseFunction(X)                                \
    static PyObject * PyCursesWindow_ ## X                              \
    (PyCursesWindowObject *self)                                        \
    {                                                                   \
        if (X (self->win) == FALSE) { Py_INCREF(Py_False); return Py_False; } \
        else { Py_INCREF(Py_True); return Py_True; } }

#define Window_NoArgNoReturnVoidFunction(X)                     \
    static PyObject * PyCursesWindow_ ## X                      \
    (PyCursesWindowObject *self)                                \
    {                                                           \
        X(self->win); Py_INCREF(Py_None); return Py_None; }

#define Window_NoArg2TupleReturnFunction(X, TYPE, ERGSTR)               \
    static PyObject * PyCursesWindow_ ## X                              \
    (PyCursesWindowObject *self)                                        \
    {                                                                   \
        TYPE arg1, arg2;                                                \
        X(self->win,arg1,arg2); return Py_BuildValue(ERGSTR, arg1, arg2); }

#define Window_OneArgNoReturnVoidFunction(X, TYPE, PARSESTR)            \
    static PyObject * PyCursesWindow_ ## X                              \
    (PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)                        \
    {                                                                   \
        TYPE arg1;                                                      \
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, PARSESTR, &arg1)) return NULL;      \
        X(self->win,arg1); Py_INCREF(Py_None); return Py_None; }

#define Window_OneArgNoReturnFunction(X, TYPE, PARSESTR)                \
    static PyObject * PyCursesWindow_ ## X                              \
    (PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)                        \
    {                                                                   \
        TYPE arg1;                                                      \
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,PARSESTR, &arg1)) return NULL;       \
        return PyCursesCheckERR(X(self->win, arg1), # X); }

#define Window_TwoArgNoReturnFunction(X, TYPE, PARSESTR)                \
    static PyObject * PyCursesWindow_ ## X                              \
    (PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)                        \
    {                                                                   \
        TYPE arg1, arg2;                                                \
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,PARSESTR, &arg1, &arg2)) return NULL; \
        return PyCursesCheckERR(X(self->win, arg1, arg2), # X); }

/* ------------- WINDOW routines --------------- */

Window_NoArgNoReturnFunction(untouchwin)
Window_NoArgNoReturnFunction(touchwin)
Window_NoArgNoReturnFunction(redrawwin)
Window_NoArgNoReturnFunction(winsertln)
Window_NoArgNoReturnFunction(werase)
Window_NoArgNoReturnFunction(wdeleteln)

Window_NoArgTrueFalseFunction(is_wintouched)

Window_NoArgNoReturnVoidFunction(wsyncup)
Window_NoArgNoReturnVoidFunction(wsyncdown)
Window_NoArgNoReturnVoidFunction(wstandend)
Window_NoArgNoReturnVoidFunction(wstandout)
Window_NoArgNoReturnVoidFunction(wcursyncup)
Window_NoArgNoReturnVoidFunction(wclrtoeol)
Window_NoArgNoReturnVoidFunction(wclrtobot)
Window_NoArgNoReturnVoidFunction(wclear)

Window_OneArgNoReturnVoidFunction(idcok, int, "i;True(1) or False(0)")
Window_OneArgNoReturnVoidFunction(immedok, int, "i;True(1) or False(0)")
Window_OneArgNoReturnVoidFunction(wtimeout, int, "i;delay")

Window_NoArg2TupleReturnFunction(getyx, int, "ii")
Window_NoArg2TupleReturnFunction(getbegyx, int, "ii")
Window_NoArg2TupleReturnFunction(getmaxyx, int, "ii")
Window_NoArg2TupleReturnFunction(getparyx, int, "ii")

Window_OneArgNoReturnFunction(clearok, int, "i;True(1) or False(0)")
Window_OneArgNoReturnFunction(idlok, int, "i;True(1) or False(0)")
#if defined(__NetBSD__)
Window_OneArgNoReturnVoidFunction(keypad, int, "i;True(1) or False(0)")
#else
Window_OneArgNoReturnFunction(keypad, int, "i;True(1) or False(0)")
#endif
Window_OneArgNoReturnFunction(leaveok, int, "i;True(1) or False(0)")
#if defined(__NetBSD__)
Window_OneArgNoReturnVoidFunction(nodelay, int, "i;True(1) or False(0)")
#else
Window_OneArgNoReturnFunction(nodelay, int, "i;True(1) or False(0)")
#endif
Window_OneArgNoReturnFunction(notimeout, int, "i;True(1) or False(0)")
Window_OneArgNoReturnFunction(scrollok, int, "i;True(1) or False(0)")
Window_OneArgNoReturnFunction(winsdelln, int, "i;nlines")
Window_OneArgNoReturnFunction(syncok, int, "i;True(1) or False(0)")

Window_TwoArgNoReturnFunction(mvwin, int, "ii;y,x")
Window_TwoArgNoReturnFunction(mvderwin, int, "ii;y,x")
Window_TwoArgNoReturnFunction(wmove, int, "ii;y,x")
#ifndef STRICT_SYSV_CURSES
Window_TwoArgNoReturnFunction(wresize, int, "ii;lines,columns")
#endif

/* Allocation and deallocation of Window Objects */

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_New(WINDOW *win, const char *encoding)
{
    PyCursesWindowObject *wo;

    if (encoding == NULL) {
#if defined(MS_WINDOWS)
        char *buffer[100];
        UINT cp;
        cp = GetConsoleOutputCP();
        if (cp != 0) {
            PyOS_snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer), "cp%u", cp);
            encoding = buffer;
        }
#elif defined(CODESET)
        const char *codeset = nl_langinfo(CODESET);
        if (codeset != NULL && codeset[0] != 0)
            encoding = codeset;
#endif
        if (encoding == NULL)
            encoding = "utf-8";
    }

    wo = PyObject_NEW(PyCursesWindowObject, &PyCursesWindow_Type);
    if (wo == NULL) return NULL;
    wo->win = win;
    wo->encoding = _PyMem_Strdup(encoding);
    if (wo->encoding == NULL) {
        Py_DECREF(wo);
        PyErr_NoMemory();
        return NULL;
    }
    return (PyObject *)wo;
}

static void
PyCursesWindow_Dealloc(PyCursesWindowObject *wo)
{
    if (wo->win != stdscr) delwin(wo->win);
    if (wo->encoding != NULL)
        PyMem_Free(wo->encoding);
    PyObject_DEL(wo);
}

/* Addch, Addstr, Addnstr */

/*[clinic input]

curses.window.addch

    [
    y: int
      Y-coordinate.
    x: int
      X-coordinate.
    ]

    ch: object
      Character to add.

    [
    attr: long
      Attributes for the character.
    ]
    /

Paint character ch at (y, x) with attributes attr.

Paint character ch at (y, x) with attributes attr,
overwriting any character previously painted at that location.
By default, the character position and attributes are the
current settings for the window object.
[clinic start generated code]*/

static PyObject *
curses_window_addch_impl(PyCursesWindowObject *self, int group_left_1, int y,
                         int x, PyObject *ch, int group_right_1, long attr)
/*[clinic end generated code: output=99f7f85078ec06c3 input=5a41efb34a2de338]*/
{
    PyCursesWindowObject *cwself = (PyCursesWindowObject *)self;
    int coordinates_group = group_left_1;
    int attr_group = group_right_1;
    int rtn;
    int type;
    chtype cch;
#ifdef HAVE_NCURSESW
    cchar_t wch;
#endif
    const char *funcname;

    if (!attr_group)
      attr = A_NORMAL;

#ifdef HAVE_NCURSESW
    type = PyCurses_ConvertToCchar_t(cwself, ch, &cch, &wch);
    if (type == 2) {
        funcname = "add_wch";
        wch.attr = attr;
        if (coordinates_group)
            rtn = mvwadd_wch(cwself->win,y,x, &wch);
        else {
            rtn = wadd_wch(cwself->win, &wch);
        }
    }
    else
#else
    type = PyCurses_ConvertToCchar_t(cwself, ch, &cch);
#endif
    if (type == 1) {
        funcname = "addch";
        if (coordinates_group)
            rtn = mvwaddch(cwself->win,y,x, cch | attr);
        else {
            rtn = waddch(cwself->win, cch | attr);
        }
    }
    else {
        return NULL;
    }
    return PyCursesCheckERR(rtn, funcname);
}

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_AddStr(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int rtn;
    int x, y;
    int strtype;
    PyObject *strobj, *bytesobj = NULL;
#ifdef HAVE_NCURSESW
    wchar_t *wstr = NULL;
#endif
    attr_t attr = A_NORMAL , attr_old = A_NORMAL;
    long lattr;
    int use_xy = FALSE, use_attr = FALSE;
    const char *funcname;

    switch (PyTuple_Size(args)) {
    case 1:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"O;str", &strobj))
            return NULL;
        break;
    case 2:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"Ol;str,attr", &strobj, &lattr))
            return NULL;
        attr = lattr;
        use_attr = TRUE;
        break;
    case 3:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"iiO;int,int,str", &y, &x, &strobj))
            return NULL;
        use_xy = TRUE;
        break;
    case 4:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"iiOl;int,int,str,attr", &y, &x, &strobj, &lattr))
            return NULL;
        attr = lattr;
        use_xy = use_attr = TRUE;
        break;
    default:
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "addstr requires 1 to 4 arguments");
        return NULL;
    }
#ifdef HAVE_NCURSESW
    strtype = PyCurses_ConvertToString(self, strobj, &bytesobj, &wstr);
#else
    strtype = PyCurses_ConvertToString(self, strobj, &bytesobj, NULL);
#endif
    if (strtype == 0)
        return NULL;
    if (use_attr == TRUE) {
        attr_old = getattrs(self->win);
        (void)wattrset(self->win,attr);
    }
#ifdef HAVE_NCURSESW
    if (strtype == 2) {
        funcname = "addwstr";
        if (use_xy == TRUE)
            rtn = mvwaddwstr(self->win,y,x,wstr);
        else
            rtn = waddwstr(self->win,wstr);
        PyMem_Free(wstr);
    }
    else
#endif
    {
        char *str = PyBytes_AS_STRING(bytesobj);
        funcname = "addstr";
        if (use_xy == TRUE)
            rtn = mvwaddstr(self->win,y,x,str);
        else
            rtn = waddstr(self->win,str);
        Py_DECREF(bytesobj);
    }
    if (use_attr == TRUE)
        (void)wattrset(self->win,attr_old);
    return PyCursesCheckERR(rtn, funcname);
}

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_AddNStr(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int rtn, x, y, n;
    int strtype;
    PyObject *strobj, *bytesobj = NULL;
#ifdef HAVE_NCURSESW
    wchar_t *wstr = NULL;
#endif
    attr_t attr = A_NORMAL , attr_old = A_NORMAL;
    long lattr;
    int use_xy = FALSE, use_attr = FALSE;
    const char *funcname;

    switch (PyTuple_Size(args)) {
    case 2:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"Oi;str,n", &strobj, &n))
            return NULL;
        break;
    case 3:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"Oil;str,n,attr", &strobj, &n, &lattr))
            return NULL;
        attr = lattr;
        use_attr = TRUE;
        break;
    case 4:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"iiOi;y,x,str,n", &y, &x, &strobj, &n))
            return NULL;
        use_xy = TRUE;
        break;
    case 5:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"iiOil;y,x,str,n,attr", &y, &x, &strobj, &n, &lattr))
            return NULL;
        attr = lattr;
        use_xy = use_attr = TRUE;
        break;
    default:
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "addnstr requires 2 to 5 arguments");
        return NULL;
    }
#ifdef HAVE_NCURSESW
    strtype = PyCurses_ConvertToString(self, strobj, &bytesobj, &wstr);
#else
    strtype = PyCurses_ConvertToString(self, strobj, &bytesobj, NULL);
#endif
    if (strtype == 0)
        return NULL;

    if (use_attr == TRUE) {
        attr_old = getattrs(self->win);
        (void)wattrset(self->win,attr);
    }
#ifdef HAVE_NCURSESW
    if (strtype == 2) {
        funcname = "addnwstr";
        if (use_xy == TRUE)
            rtn = mvwaddnwstr(self->win,y,x,wstr,n);
        else
            rtn = waddnwstr(self->win,wstr,n);
        PyMem_Free(wstr);
    }
    else
#endif
    {
        char *str = PyBytes_AS_STRING(bytesobj);
        funcname = "addnstr";
        if (use_xy == TRUE)
            rtn = mvwaddnstr(self->win,y,x,str,n);
        else
            rtn = waddnstr(self->win,str,n);
        Py_DECREF(bytesobj);
    }
    if (use_attr == TRUE)
        (void)wattrset(self->win,attr_old);
    return PyCursesCheckERR(rtn, funcname);
}

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_Bkgd(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    PyObject *temp;
    chtype bkgd;
    attr_t attr = A_NORMAL;
    long lattr;

    switch (PyTuple_Size(args)) {
    case 1:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "O;ch or int", &temp))
            return NULL;
        break;
    case 2:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"Ol;ch or int,attr", &temp, &lattr))
            return NULL;
        attr = lattr;
        break;
    default:
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "bkgd requires 1 or 2 arguments");
        return NULL;
    }

    if (!PyCurses_ConvertToChtype(self, temp, &bkgd))
        return NULL;

    return PyCursesCheckERR(wbkgd(self->win, bkgd | attr), "bkgd");
}

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_AttrOff(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    long lattr;
    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"l;attr", &lattr))
        return NULL;
    return PyCursesCheckERR(wattroff(self->win, (attr_t)lattr), "attroff");
}

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_AttrOn(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    long lattr;
    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"l;attr", &lattr))
        return NULL;
    return PyCursesCheckERR(wattron(self->win, (attr_t)lattr), "attron");
}

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_AttrSet(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    long lattr;
    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"l;attr", &lattr))
        return NULL;
    return PyCursesCheckERR(wattrset(self->win, (attr_t)lattr), "attrset");
}

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_BkgdSet(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    PyObject *temp;
    chtype bkgd;
    attr_t attr = A_NORMAL;
    long lattr;

    switch (PyTuple_Size(args)) {
    case 1:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "O;ch or int", &temp))
            return NULL;
        break;
    case 2:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"Ol;ch or int,attr", &temp, &lattr))
            return NULL;
        attr = lattr;
        break;
    default:
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "bkgdset requires 1 or 2 arguments");
        return NULL;
    }

    if (!PyCurses_ConvertToChtype(self, temp, &bkgd))
        return NULL;

    wbkgdset(self->win, bkgd | attr);
    return PyCursesCheckERR(0, "bkgdset");
}

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_Border(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    PyObject *temp[8];
    chtype ch[8];
    int i;

    /* Clear the array of parameters */
    for(i=0; i<8; i++) {
        temp[i] = NULL;
        ch[i] = 0;
    }

    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"|OOOOOOOO;ls,rs,ts,bs,tl,tr,bl,br",
                          &temp[0], &temp[1], &temp[2], &temp[3],
                          &temp[4], &temp[5], &temp[6], &temp[7]))
        return NULL;

    for(i=0; i<8; i++) {
        if (temp[i] != NULL && !PyCurses_ConvertToChtype(self, temp[i], &ch[i]))
            return NULL;
    }

    wborder(self->win,
            ch[0], ch[1], ch[2], ch[3],
            ch[4], ch[5], ch[6], ch[7]);
    Py_INCREF(Py_None);
    return Py_None;
}

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_Box(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    chtype ch1=0,ch2=0;
    switch(PyTuple_Size(args)){
    case 0: break;
    default:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"ll;vertint,horint", &ch1, &ch2))
            return NULL;
    }
    box(self->win,ch1,ch2);
    Py_INCREF(Py_None);
    return Py_None;
}

#if defined(HAVE_NCURSES_H) || defined(MVWDELCH_IS_EXPRESSION)
#define py_mvwdelch mvwdelch
#else
int py_mvwdelch(WINDOW *w, int y, int x)
{
    mvwdelch(w,y,x);
    /* On HP/UX, mvwdelch already returns. On other systems,
       we may well run into this return statement. */
    return 0;
}
#endif

/* chgat, added by Fabian Kreutz <fabian.kreutz at gmx.net> */

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_ChgAt(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int rtn;
    int x, y;
    int num = -1;
    short color;
    attr_t attr = A_NORMAL;
    long lattr;
    int use_xy = FALSE;

    switch (PyTuple_Size(args)) {
    case 1:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"l;attr", &lattr))
            return NULL;
        attr = lattr;
        break;
    case 2:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"il;n,attr", &num, &lattr))
            return NULL;
        attr = lattr;
        break;
    case 3:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"iil;int,int,attr", &y, &x, &lattr))
            return NULL;
        attr = lattr;
        use_xy = TRUE;
        break;
    case 4:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"iiil;int,int,n,attr", &y, &x, &num, &lattr))
            return NULL;
        attr = lattr;
        use_xy = TRUE;
        break;
    default:
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "chgat requires 1 to 4 arguments");
        return NULL;
    }

    color = (short)((attr >> 8) & 0xff);
    attr = attr - (color << 8);

    if (use_xy == TRUE) {
        rtn = mvwchgat(self->win,y,x,num,attr,color,NULL);
        touchline(self->win,y,1);
    } else {
        getyx(self->win,y,x);
        rtn = wchgat(self->win,num,attr,color,NULL);
        touchline(self->win,y,1);
    }
    return PyCursesCheckERR(rtn, "chgat");
}


static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_DelCh(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int rtn;
    int x, y;

    switch (PyTuple_Size(args)) {
    case 0:
        rtn = wdelch(self->win);
        break;
    case 2:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"ii;y,x", &y, &x))
            return NULL;
        rtn = py_mvwdelch(self->win,y,x);
        break;
    default:
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "delch requires 0 or 2 arguments");
        return NULL;
    }
    return PyCursesCheckERR(rtn, "[mv]wdelch");
}

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_DerWin(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    WINDOW *win;
    int nlines, ncols, begin_y, begin_x;

    nlines = 0;
    ncols  = 0;
    switch (PyTuple_Size(args)) {
    case 2:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"ii;begin_y,begin_x",&begin_y,&begin_x))
            return NULL;
        break;
    case 4:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "iiii;nlines,ncols,begin_y,begin_x",
                              &nlines,&ncols,&begin_y,&begin_x))
            return NULL;
        break;
    default:
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "derwin requires 2 or 4 arguments");
        return NULL;
    }

    win = derwin(self->win,nlines,ncols,begin_y,begin_x);

    if (win == NULL) {
        PyErr_SetString(PyCursesError, catchall_NULL);
        return NULL;
    }

    return (PyObject *)PyCursesWindow_New(win, NULL);
}

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_EchoChar(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    PyObject *temp;
    chtype ch;
    attr_t attr = A_NORMAL;
    long lattr;

    switch (PyTuple_Size(args)) {
    case 1:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"O;ch or int", &temp))
            return NULL;
        break;
    case 2:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"Ol;ch or int,attr", &temp, &lattr))
            return NULL;
        attr = lattr;
        break;
    default:
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "echochar requires 1 or 2 arguments");


        return NULL;
    }

    if (!PyCurses_ConvertToChtype(self, temp, &ch))
        return NULL;

#ifdef WINDOW_HAS_FLAGS
    if (self->win->_flags & _ISPAD)
        return PyCursesCheckERR(pechochar(self->win, ch | attr),
                                "echochar");
    else
#endif
        return PyCursesCheckERR(wechochar(self->win, ch | attr),
                                "echochar");
}

#ifdef NCURSES_MOUSE_VERSION
static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_Enclose(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int x, y;
    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"ii;y,x", &y, &x))
        return NULL;

    return PyLong_FromLong( wenclose(self->win,y,x) );
}
#endif

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_GetBkgd(PyCursesWindowObject *self)
{
    return PyLong_FromLong((long) getbkgd(self->win));
}

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_GetCh(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int x, y;
    int rtn;

    switch (PyTuple_Size(args)) {
    case 0:
        Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
        rtn = wgetch(self->win);
        Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
        break;
    case 2:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"ii;y,x",&y,&x))
            return NULL;
        Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
        rtn = mvwgetch(self->win,y,x);
        Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
        break;
    default:
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "getch requires 0 or 2 arguments");
        return NULL;
    }
    return PyLong_FromLong((long)rtn);
}

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_GetKey(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int x, y;
    int rtn;

    switch (PyTuple_Size(args)) {
    case 0:
        Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
        rtn = wgetch(self->win);
        Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
        break;
    case 2:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"ii;y,x",&y,&x))
            return NULL;
        Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
        rtn = mvwgetch(self->win,y,x);
        Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
        break;
    default:
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "getkey requires 0 or 2 arguments");
        return NULL;
    }
    if (rtn == ERR) {
        /* getch() returns ERR in nodelay mode */
        PyErr_CheckSignals();
        if (!PyErr_Occurred())
            PyErr_SetString(PyCursesError, "no input");
        return NULL;
    } else if (rtn<=255) {
        return Py_BuildValue("C", rtn);
    } else {
        const char *knp;
#if defined(__NetBSD__)
        knp = unctrl(rtn);
#else
        knp = keyname(rtn);
#endif
        return PyUnicode_FromString((knp == NULL) ? "" : knp);
    }
}

#ifdef HAVE_NCURSESW
static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_Get_WCh(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int x, y;
    int ct;
    wint_t rtn;

    switch (PyTuple_Size(args)) {
    case 0:
        Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
        ct = wget_wch(self->win,&rtn);
        Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
        break;
    case 2:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"ii;y,x",&y,&x))
            return NULL;
        Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
        ct = mvwget_wch(self->win,y,x,&rtn);
        Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
        break;
    default:
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "get_wch requires 0 or 2 arguments");
        return NULL;
    }
    if (ct == ERR) {
        if (PyErr_CheckSignals())
            return NULL;

        /* get_wch() returns ERR in nodelay mode */
        PyErr_SetString(PyCursesError, "no input");
        return NULL;
    }
    if (ct == KEY_CODE_YES)
        return PyLong_FromLong(rtn);
    else
        return PyUnicode_FromOrdinal(rtn);
}
#endif

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_GetStr(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int x, y, n;
    char rtn[1024]; /* This should be big enough.. I hope */
    int rtn2;

    switch (PyTuple_Size(args)) {
    case 0:
        Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
        rtn2 = wgetnstr(self->win,rtn, 1023);
        Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
        break;
    case 1:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"i;n", &n))
            return NULL;
        Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
        rtn2 = wgetnstr(self->win, rtn, Py_MIN(n, 1023));
        Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
        break;
    case 2:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"ii;y,x",&y,&x))
            return NULL;
        Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
#ifdef STRICT_SYSV_CURSES
        rtn2 = wmove(self->win,y,x)==ERR ? ERR : wgetnstr(self->win, rtn, 1023);
#else
        rtn2 = mvwgetnstr(self->win,y,x,rtn, 1023);
#endif
        Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
        break;
    case 3:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"iii;y,x,n", &y, &x, &n))
            return NULL;
#ifdef STRICT_SYSV_CURSES
        Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
        rtn2 = wmove(self->win,y,x)==ERR ? ERR :
        wgetnstr(self->win, rtn, Py_MIN(n, 1023));
        Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
#else
        Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
        rtn2 = mvwgetnstr(self->win, y, x, rtn, Py_MIN(n, 1023));
        Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
#endif
        break;
    default:
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "getstr requires 0 to 3 arguments");
        return NULL;
    }
    if (rtn2 == ERR)
        rtn[0] = 0;
    return PyBytes_FromString(rtn);
}

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_Hline(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    PyObject *temp;
    chtype ch;
    int n, x, y, code = OK;
    attr_t attr = A_NORMAL;
    long lattr;

    switch (PyTuple_Size(args)) {
    case 2:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "Oi;ch or int,n", &temp, &n))
            return NULL;
        break;
    case 3:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "Oil;ch or int,n,attr", &temp, &n, &lattr))
            return NULL;
        attr = lattr;
        break;
    case 4:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "iiOi;y,x,ch or int,n", &y, &x, &temp, &n))
            return NULL;
        code = wmove(self->win, y, x);
        break;
    case 5:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "iiOil; y,x,ch or int,n,attr",
                              &y, &x, &temp, &n, &lattr))
            return NULL;
        attr = lattr;
        code = wmove(self->win, y, x);
        break;
    default:
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "hline requires 2 to 5 arguments");
        return NULL;
    }

    if (code != ERR) {
        if (!PyCurses_ConvertToChtype(self, temp, &ch))
            return NULL;
        return PyCursesCheckERR(whline(self->win, ch | attr, n), "hline");
    } else
        return PyCursesCheckERR(code, "wmove");
}

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_InsCh(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int rtn, x, y, use_xy = FALSE;
    PyObject *temp;
    chtype ch = 0;
    attr_t attr = A_NORMAL;
    long lattr;

    switch (PyTuple_Size(args)) {
    case 1:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "O;ch or int", &temp))
            return NULL;
        break;
    case 2:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "Ol;ch or int,attr", &temp, &lattr))
            return NULL;
        attr = lattr;
        break;
    case 3:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"iiO;y,x,ch or int", &y, &x, &temp))
            return NULL;
        use_xy = TRUE;
        break;
    case 4:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"iiOl;y,x,ch or int, attr", &y, &x, &temp, &lattr))
            return NULL;
        attr = lattr;
        use_xy = TRUE;
        break;
    default:
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "insch requires 1 or 4 arguments");
        return NULL;
    }

    if (!PyCurses_ConvertToChtype(self, temp, &ch))
        return NULL;

    if (use_xy == TRUE)
        rtn = mvwinsch(self->win,y,x, ch | attr);
    else {
        rtn = winsch(self->win, ch | attr);
    }
    return PyCursesCheckERR(rtn, "insch");
}

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_InCh(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int x, y;
    unsigned long rtn;

    switch (PyTuple_Size(args)) {
    case 0:
        rtn = winch(self->win);
        break;
    case 2:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"ii;y,x",&y,&x))
            return NULL;
        rtn = mvwinch(self->win,y,x);
        break;
    default:
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "inch requires 0 or 2 arguments");
        return NULL;
    }
    return PyLong_FromUnsignedLong(rtn);
}

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_InStr(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int x, y, n;
    char rtn[1024]; /* This should be big enough.. I hope */
    int rtn2;

    switch (PyTuple_Size(args)) {
    case 0:
        rtn2 = winnstr(self->win,rtn, 1023);
        break;
    case 1:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"i;n", &n))
            return NULL;
        rtn2 = winnstr(self->win, rtn, Py_MIN(n, 1023));
        break;
    case 2:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"ii;y,x",&y,&x))
            return NULL;
        rtn2 = mvwinnstr(self->win,y,x,rtn,1023);
        break;
    case 3:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "iii;y,x,n", &y, &x, &n))
            return NULL;
        rtn2 = mvwinnstr(self->win, y, x, rtn, Py_MIN(n,1023));
        break;
    default:
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "instr requires 0 or 3 arguments");
        return NULL;
    }
    if (rtn2 == ERR)
        rtn[0] = 0;
    return PyBytes_FromString(rtn);
}

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_InsStr(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int rtn;
    int x, y;
    int strtype;
    PyObject *strobj, *bytesobj = NULL;
#ifdef HAVE_NCURSESW
    wchar_t *wstr = NULL;
#endif
    attr_t attr = A_NORMAL , attr_old = A_NORMAL;
    long lattr;
    int use_xy = FALSE, use_attr = FALSE;
    const char *funcname;

    switch (PyTuple_Size(args)) {
    case 1:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"O;str", &strobj))
            return NULL;
        break;
    case 2:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"Ol;str,attr", &strobj, &lattr))
            return NULL;
        attr = lattr;
        use_attr = TRUE;
        break;
    case 3:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"iiO;y,x,str", &y, &x, &strobj))
            return NULL;
        use_xy = TRUE;
        break;
    case 4:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"iiOl;y,x,str,attr", &y, &x, &strobj, &lattr))
            return NULL;
        attr = lattr;
        use_xy = use_attr = TRUE;
        break;
    default:
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "insstr requires 1 to 4 arguments");
        return NULL;
    }

#ifdef HAVE_NCURSESW
    strtype = PyCurses_ConvertToString(self, strobj, &bytesobj, &wstr);
#else
    strtype = PyCurses_ConvertToString(self, strobj, &bytesobj, NULL);
#endif
    if (strtype == 0)
        return NULL;

    if (use_attr == TRUE) {
        attr_old = getattrs(self->win);
        (void)wattrset(self->win,attr);
    }
#ifdef HAVE_NCURSESW
    if (strtype == 2) {
        funcname = "inswstr";
        if (use_xy == TRUE)
            rtn = mvwins_wstr(self->win,y,x,wstr);
        else
            rtn = wins_wstr(self->win,wstr);
        PyMem_Free(wstr);
    }
    else
#endif
    {
        char *str = PyBytes_AS_STRING(bytesobj);
        funcname = "insstr";
        if (use_xy == TRUE)
            rtn = mvwinsstr(self->win,y,x,str);
        else
            rtn = winsstr(self->win,str);
        Py_DECREF(bytesobj);
    }
    if (use_attr == TRUE)
        (void)wattrset(self->win,attr_old);
    return PyCursesCheckERR(rtn, funcname);
}

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_InsNStr(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int rtn, x, y, n;
    int strtype;
    PyObject *strobj, *bytesobj = NULL;
#ifdef HAVE_NCURSESW
    wchar_t *wstr = NULL;
#endif
    attr_t attr = A_NORMAL , attr_old = A_NORMAL;
    long lattr;
    int use_xy = FALSE, use_attr = FALSE;
    const char *funcname;

    switch (PyTuple_Size(args)) {
    case 2:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"Oi;str,n", &strobj, &n))
            return NULL;
        break;
    case 3:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"Oil;str,n,attr", &strobj, &n, &lattr))
            return NULL;
        attr = lattr;
        use_attr = TRUE;
        break;
    case 4:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"iiOi;y,x,str,n", &y, &x, &strobj, &n))
            return NULL;
        use_xy = TRUE;
        break;
    case 5:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"iiOil;y,x,str,n,attr", &y, &x, &strobj, &n, &lattr))
            return NULL;
        attr = lattr;
        use_xy = use_attr = TRUE;
        break;
    default:
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "insnstr requires 2 to 5 arguments");
        return NULL;
    }

#ifdef HAVE_NCURSESW
    strtype = PyCurses_ConvertToString(self, strobj, &bytesobj, &wstr);
#else
    strtype = PyCurses_ConvertToString(self, strobj, &bytesobj, NULL);
#endif
    if (strtype == 0)
        return NULL;

    if (use_attr == TRUE) {
        attr_old = getattrs(self->win);
        (void)wattrset(self->win,attr);
    }
#ifdef HAVE_NCURSESW
    if (strtype == 2) {
        funcname = "insn_wstr";
        if (use_xy == TRUE)
            rtn = mvwins_nwstr(self->win,y,x,wstr,n);
        else
            rtn = wins_nwstr(self->win,wstr,n);
        PyMem_Free(wstr);
    }
    else
#endif
    {
        char *str = PyBytes_AS_STRING(bytesobj);
        funcname = "insnstr";
        if (use_xy == TRUE)
            rtn = mvwinsnstr(self->win,y,x,str,n);
        else
            rtn = winsnstr(self->win,str,n);
        Py_DECREF(bytesobj);
    }
    if (use_attr == TRUE)
        (void)wattrset(self->win,attr_old);
    return PyCursesCheckERR(rtn, funcname);
}

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_Is_LineTouched(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int line, erg;
    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"i;line", &line))
        return NULL;
    erg = is_linetouched(self->win, line);
    if (erg == ERR) {
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
                        "is_linetouched: line number outside of boundaries");
        return NULL;
    } else
        if (erg == FALSE) {
            Py_INCREF(Py_False);
            return Py_False;
        } else {
            Py_INCREF(Py_True);
            return Py_True;
        }
}

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_NoOutRefresh(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int pminrow,pmincol,sminrow,smincol,smaxrow,smaxcol;
    int rtn;

#ifndef WINDOW_HAS_FLAGS
    if (0)
#else
        if (self->win->_flags & _ISPAD)
#endif
        {
            switch(PyTuple_Size(args)) {
            case 6:
                if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,
                                      "iiiiii;" \
                                      "pminrow,pmincol,sminrow,smincol,smaxrow,smaxcol",
                                      &pminrow, &pmincol, &sminrow,
                                      &smincol, &smaxrow, &smaxcol))
                    return NULL;
                Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
                rtn = pnoutrefresh(self->win,
                                   pminrow, pmincol, sminrow,
                                   smincol, smaxrow, smaxcol);
                Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
                return PyCursesCheckERR(rtn, "pnoutrefresh");
            default:
                PyErr_SetString(PyCursesError,
                                "noutrefresh() called for a pad "
                                "requires 6 arguments");
                return NULL;
            }
        } else {
            if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, ":noutrefresh"))
                return NULL;

            Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
            rtn = wnoutrefresh(self->win);
            Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
            return PyCursesCheckERR(rtn, "wnoutrefresh");
        }
}

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_Overlay(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    PyCursesWindowObject *temp;
    int use_copywin = FALSE;
    int sminrow, smincol, dminrow, dmincol, dmaxrow, dmaxcol;
    int rtn;

    switch (PyTuple_Size(args)) {
    case 1:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "O!;window object",
                              &PyCursesWindow_Type, &temp))
            return NULL;
        break;
    case 7:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "O!iiiiii;window object, int, int, int, int, int, int",
                              &PyCursesWindow_Type, &temp, &sminrow, &smincol,
                              &dminrow, &dmincol, &dmaxrow, &dmaxcol))
            return NULL;
        use_copywin = TRUE;
        break;
    default:
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
                        "overlay requires one or seven arguments");
        return NULL;
    }

    if (use_copywin == TRUE) {
        rtn = copywin(self->win, temp->win, sminrow, smincol,
                      dminrow, dmincol, dmaxrow, dmaxcol, TRUE);
        return PyCursesCheckERR(rtn, "copywin");
    }
    else {
        rtn = overlay(self->win, temp->win);
        return PyCursesCheckERR(rtn, "overlay");
    }
}

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_Overwrite(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    PyCursesWindowObject *temp;
    int use_copywin = FALSE;
    int sminrow, smincol, dminrow, dmincol, dmaxrow, dmaxcol;
    int rtn;

    switch (PyTuple_Size(args)) {
    case 1:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "O!;window object",
                              &PyCursesWindow_Type, &temp))
            return NULL;
        break;
    case 7:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "O!iiiiii;window object, int, int, int, int, int, int",
                              &PyCursesWindow_Type, &temp, &sminrow, &smincol,
                              &dminrow, &dmincol, &dmaxrow, &dmaxcol))
            return NULL;
        use_copywin = TRUE;
        break;
    default:
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
                        "overwrite requires one or seven arguments");
        return NULL;
    }

    if (use_copywin == TRUE) {
        rtn = copywin(self->win, temp->win, sminrow, smincol,
                      dminrow, dmincol, dmaxrow, dmaxcol, FALSE);
        return PyCursesCheckERR(rtn, "copywin");
    }
    else {
        rtn = overwrite(self->win, temp->win);
        return PyCursesCheckERR(rtn, "overwrite");
    }
}

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_PutWin(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *stream)
{
    /* We have to simulate this by writing to a temporary FILE*,
       then reading back, then writing to the argument stream. */
    char fn[100];
    int fd = -1;
    FILE *fp = NULL;
    PyObject *res = NULL;

    strcpy(fn, "/tmp/py.curses.putwin.XXXXXX");
    fd = mkstemp(fn);
    if (fd < 0)
        return PyErr_SetFromErrnoWithFilename(PyExc_IOError, fn);
    if (_Py_set_inheritable(fd, 0, NULL) < 0)
        goto exit;
    fp = fdopen(fd, "wb+");
    if (fp == NULL) {
        PyErr_SetFromErrnoWithFilename(PyExc_IOError, fn);
        goto exit;
    }
    res = PyCursesCheckERR(putwin(self->win, fp), "putwin");
    if (res == NULL)
        goto exit;
    fseek(fp, 0, 0);
    while (1) {
        char buf[BUFSIZ];
        Py_ssize_t n = fread(buf, 1, BUFSIZ, fp);
        _Py_IDENTIFIER(write);

        if (n <= 0)
            break;
        Py_DECREF(res);
        res = _PyObject_CallMethodId(stream, &PyId_write, "y#", buf, n);
        if (res == NULL)
            break;
    }

exit:
    if (fp != NULL)
        fclose(fp);
    else if (fd != -1)
        close(fd);
    remove(fn);
    return res;
}

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_RedrawLine(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int beg, num;
    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "ii;beg,num", &beg, &num))
        return NULL;
    return PyCursesCheckERR(wredrawln(self->win,beg,num), "redrawln");
}

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_Refresh(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int pminrow,pmincol,sminrow,smincol,smaxrow,smaxcol;
    int rtn;

#ifndef WINDOW_HAS_FLAGS
    if (0)
#else
        if (self->win->_flags & _ISPAD)
#endif
        {
            switch(PyTuple_Size(args)) {
            case 6:
                if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,
                                      "iiiiii;" \
                                      "pminrow,pmincol,sminrow,smincol,smaxrow,smaxcol",
                                      &pminrow, &pmincol, &sminrow,
                                      &smincol, &smaxrow, &smaxcol))
                    return NULL;

                Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
                rtn = prefresh(self->win,
                               pminrow, pmincol, sminrow,
                               smincol, smaxrow, smaxcol);
                Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
                return PyCursesCheckERR(rtn, "prefresh");
            default:
                PyErr_SetString(PyCursesError,
                                "refresh() for a pad requires 6 arguments");
                return NULL;
            }
        } else {
            if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, ":refresh"))
                return NULL;
            Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
            rtn = wrefresh(self->win);
            Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
            return PyCursesCheckERR(rtn, "prefresh");
        }
}

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_SetScrollRegion(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int x, y;
    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"ii;top, bottom",&y,&x))
        return NULL;
    return PyCursesCheckERR(wsetscrreg(self->win,y,x), "wsetscrreg");
}

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_SubWin(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    WINDOW *win;
    int nlines, ncols, begin_y, begin_x;

    nlines = 0;
    ncols  = 0;
    switch (PyTuple_Size(args)) {
    case 2:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"ii;begin_y,begin_x",&begin_y,&begin_x))
            return NULL;
        break;
    case 4:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "iiii;nlines,ncols,begin_y,begin_x",
                              &nlines,&ncols,&begin_y,&begin_x))
            return NULL;
        break;
    default:
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "subwin requires 2 or 4 arguments");
        return NULL;
    }

    /* printf("Subwin: %i %i %i %i   \n", nlines, ncols, begin_y, begin_x); */
#ifdef WINDOW_HAS_FLAGS
    if (self->win->_flags & _ISPAD)
        win = subpad(self->win, nlines, ncols, begin_y, begin_x);
    else
#endif
        win = subwin(self->win, nlines, ncols, begin_y, begin_x);

    if (win == NULL) {
        PyErr_SetString(PyCursesError, catchall_NULL);
        return NULL;
    }

    return (PyObject *)PyCursesWindow_New(win, self->encoding);
}

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_Scroll(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int nlines;
    switch(PyTuple_Size(args)) {
    case 0:
        return PyCursesCheckERR(scroll(self->win), "scroll");
    case 1:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "i;nlines", &nlines))
            return NULL;
        return PyCursesCheckERR(wscrl(self->win, nlines), "scroll");
    default:
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "scroll requires 0 or 1 arguments");
        return NULL;
    }
}

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_TouchLine(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int st, cnt, val;
    switch (PyTuple_Size(args)) {
    case 2:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"ii;start,count",&st,&cnt))
            return NULL;
        return PyCursesCheckERR(touchline(self->win,st,cnt), "touchline");
    case 3:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "iii;start,count,val", &st, &cnt, &val))
            return NULL;
        return PyCursesCheckERR(wtouchln(self->win, st, cnt, val), "touchline");
    default:
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "touchline requires 2 or 3 arguments");
        return NULL;
    }
}

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_Vline(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    PyObject *temp;
    chtype ch;
    int n, x, y, code = OK;
    attr_t attr = A_NORMAL;
    long lattr;

    switch (PyTuple_Size(args)) {
    case 2:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "Oi;ch or int,n", &temp, &n))
            return NULL;
        break;
    case 3:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "Oil;ch or int,n,attr", &temp, &n, &lattr))
            return NULL;
        attr = lattr;
        break;
    case 4:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "iiOi;y,x,ch or int,n", &y, &x, &temp, &n))
            return NULL;
        code = wmove(self->win, y, x);
        break;
    case 5:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "iiOil; y,x,ch or int,n,attr",
                              &y, &x, &temp, &n, &lattr))
            return NULL;
        attr = lattr;
        code = wmove(self->win, y, x);
        break;
    default:
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "vline requires 2 to 5 arguments");
        return NULL;
    }

    if (code != ERR) {
        if (!PyCurses_ConvertToChtype(self, temp, &ch))
            return NULL;
        return PyCursesCheckERR(wvline(self->win, ch | attr, n), "vline");
    } else
        return PyCursesCheckERR(code, "wmove");
}

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_get_encoding(PyCursesWindowObject *self, void *closure)
{
    return PyUnicode_FromString(self->encoding);
}

static int
PyCursesWindow_set_encoding(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *value)
{
    PyObject *ascii;
    char *encoding;

    /* It is illegal to del win.encoding */
    if (value == NULL) {
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
                        "encoding may not be deleted");
        return -1;
    }

    if (!PyUnicode_Check(value)) {
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
                        "setting encoding to a non-string");
        return -1;
    }
    ascii = PyUnicode_AsASCIIString(value);
    if (ascii == NULL)
        return -1;
    encoding = _PyMem_Strdup(PyBytes_AS_STRING(ascii));
    Py_DECREF(ascii);
    if (encoding == NULL) {
        PyErr_NoMemory();
        return -1;
    }
    PyMem_Free(self->encoding);
    self->encoding = encoding;
    return 0;
}


static PyMethodDef PyCursesWindow_Methods[] = {
    CURSES_WINDOW_ADDCH_METHODDEF
    {"addnstr",         (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_AddNStr, METH_VARARGS},
    {"addstr",          (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_AddStr, METH_VARARGS},
    {"attroff",         (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_AttrOff, METH_VARARGS},
    {"attron",          (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_AttrOn, METH_VARARGS},
    {"attrset",         (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_AttrSet, METH_VARARGS},
    {"bkgd",            (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_Bkgd, METH_VARARGS},
    {"chgat",           (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_ChgAt, METH_VARARGS},
    {"bkgdset",         (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_BkgdSet, METH_VARARGS},
    {"border",          (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_Border, METH_VARARGS},
    {"box",             (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_Box, METH_VARARGS},
    {"clear",           (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_wclear, METH_NOARGS},
    {"clearok",         (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_clearok, METH_VARARGS},
    {"clrtobot",        (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_wclrtobot, METH_NOARGS},
    {"clrtoeol",        (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_wclrtoeol, METH_NOARGS},
    {"cursyncup",       (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_wcursyncup, METH_NOARGS},
    {"delch",           (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_DelCh, METH_VARARGS},
    {"deleteln",        (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_wdeleteln, METH_NOARGS},
    {"derwin",          (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_DerWin, METH_VARARGS},
    {"echochar",        (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_EchoChar, METH_VARARGS},
#ifdef NCURSES_MOUSE_VERSION
    {"enclose",         (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_Enclose, METH_VARARGS},
#endif
    {"erase",           (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_werase, METH_NOARGS},
    {"getbegyx",        (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_getbegyx, METH_NOARGS},
    {"getbkgd",         (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_GetBkgd, METH_NOARGS},
    {"getch",           (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_GetCh, METH_VARARGS},
    {"getkey",          (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_GetKey, METH_VARARGS},
#ifdef HAVE_NCURSESW
    {"get_wch",         (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_Get_WCh, METH_VARARGS},
#endif
    {"getmaxyx",        (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_getmaxyx, METH_NOARGS},
    {"getparyx",        (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_getparyx, METH_NOARGS},
    {"getstr",          (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_GetStr, METH_VARARGS},
    {"getyx",           (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_getyx, METH_NOARGS},
    {"hline",           (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_Hline, METH_VARARGS},
    {"idcok",           (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_idcok, METH_VARARGS},
    {"idlok",           (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_idlok, METH_VARARGS},
    {"immedok",         (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_immedok, METH_VARARGS},
    {"inch",            (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_InCh, METH_VARARGS},
    {"insch",           (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_InsCh, METH_VARARGS},
    {"insdelln",        (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_winsdelln, METH_VARARGS},
    {"insertln",        (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_winsertln, METH_NOARGS},
    {"insnstr",         (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_InsNStr, METH_VARARGS},
    {"insstr",          (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_InsStr, METH_VARARGS},
    {"instr",           (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_InStr, METH_VARARGS},
    {"is_linetouched",  (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_Is_LineTouched, METH_VARARGS},
    {"is_wintouched",   (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_is_wintouched, METH_NOARGS},
    {"keypad",          (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_keypad, METH_VARARGS},
    {"leaveok",         (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_leaveok, METH_VARARGS},
    {"move",            (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_wmove, METH_VARARGS},
    {"mvderwin",        (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_mvderwin, METH_VARARGS},
    {"mvwin",           (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_mvwin, METH_VARARGS},
    {"nodelay",         (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_nodelay, METH_VARARGS},
    {"notimeout",       (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_notimeout, METH_VARARGS},
    {"noutrefresh",     (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_NoOutRefresh, METH_VARARGS},
    {"overlay",         (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_Overlay, METH_VARARGS},
    {"overwrite",       (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_Overwrite,
     METH_VARARGS},
    {"putwin",          (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_PutWin, METH_O},
    {"redrawln",        (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_RedrawLine, METH_VARARGS},
    {"redrawwin",       (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_redrawwin, METH_NOARGS},
    {"refresh",         (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_Refresh, METH_VARARGS},
#ifndef STRICT_SYSV_CURSES
    {"resize",          (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_wresize, METH_VARARGS},
#endif
    {"scroll",          (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_Scroll, METH_VARARGS},
    {"scrollok",        (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_scrollok, METH_VARARGS},
    {"setscrreg",       (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_SetScrollRegion, METH_VARARGS},
    {"standend",        (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_wstandend, METH_NOARGS},
    {"standout",        (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_wstandout, METH_NOARGS},
    {"subpad",          (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_SubWin, METH_VARARGS},
    {"subwin",          (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_SubWin, METH_VARARGS},
    {"syncdown",        (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_wsyncdown, METH_NOARGS},
    {"syncok",          (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_syncok, METH_VARARGS},
    {"syncup",          (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_wsyncup, METH_NOARGS},
    {"timeout",         (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_wtimeout, METH_VARARGS},
    {"touchline",       (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_TouchLine, METH_VARARGS},
    {"touchwin",        (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_touchwin, METH_NOARGS},
    {"untouchwin",      (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_untouchwin, METH_NOARGS},
    {"vline",           (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_Vline, METH_VARARGS},
    {NULL,                  NULL}   /* sentinel */
};

static PyGetSetDef PyCursesWindow_getsets[] = {
    {"encoding",
     (getter)PyCursesWindow_get_encoding,
     (setter)PyCursesWindow_set_encoding,
     "the typecode character used to create the array"},
    {NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL }  /* sentinel */
};

/* -------------------------------------------------------*/

PyTypeObject PyCursesWindow_Type = {
    PyVarObject_HEAD_INIT(NULL, 0)
    "_curses.curses window",            /*tp_name*/
    sizeof(PyCursesWindowObject),       /*tp_basicsize*/
    0,                          /*tp_itemsize*/
    /* methods */
    (destructor)PyCursesWindow_Dealloc, /*tp_dealloc*/
    0,                          /*tp_print*/
    (getattrfunc)0,             /*tp_getattr*/
    (setattrfunc)0,             /*tp_setattr*/
    0,                          /*tp_reserved*/
    0,                          /*tp_repr*/
    0,                          /*tp_as_number*/
    0,                          /*tp_as_sequence*/
    0,                          /*tp_as_mapping*/
    0,                          /*tp_hash*/
    0,                          /*tp_call*/
    0,                          /*tp_str*/
    0,                          /*tp_getattro*/
    0,                          /*tp_setattro*/
    0,                          /*tp_as_buffer*/
    Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT,         /*tp_flags*/
    0,                          /*tp_doc*/
    0,                          /*tp_traverse*/
    0,                          /*tp_clear*/
    0,                          /*tp_richcompare*/
    0,                          /*tp_weaklistoffset*/
    0,                          /*tp_iter*/
    0,                          /*tp_iternext*/
    PyCursesWindow_Methods,     /*tp_methods*/
    0,                          /* tp_members */
    PyCursesWindow_getsets,     /* tp_getset */
};

/*********************************************************************
 Global Functions
**********************************************************************/

NoArgNoReturnFunction(beep)
NoArgNoReturnFunction(def_prog_mode)
NoArgNoReturnFunction(def_shell_mode)
NoArgNoReturnFunction(doupdate)
NoArgNoReturnFunction(endwin)
NoArgNoReturnFunction(flash)
NoArgNoReturnFunction(nocbreak)
NoArgNoReturnFunction(noecho)
NoArgNoReturnFunction(nonl)
NoArgNoReturnFunction(noraw)
NoArgNoReturnFunction(reset_prog_mode)
NoArgNoReturnFunction(reset_shell_mode)
NoArgNoReturnFunction(resetty)
NoArgNoReturnFunction(savetty)

NoArgOrFlagNoReturnFunction(cbreak)
NoArgOrFlagNoReturnFunction(echo)
NoArgOrFlagNoReturnFunction(nl)
NoArgOrFlagNoReturnFunction(raw)

NoArgReturnIntFunction(baudrate)
NoArgReturnIntFunction(termattrs)

NoArgReturnStringFunction(termname)
NoArgReturnStringFunction(longname)

NoArgTrueFalseFunction(can_change_color)
NoArgTrueFalseFunction(has_colors)
NoArgTrueFalseFunction(has_ic)
NoArgTrueFalseFunction(has_il)
NoArgTrueFalseFunction(isendwin)
NoArgNoReturnVoidFunction(flushinp)
NoArgNoReturnVoidFunction(noqiflush)

static PyObject *
PyCurses_filter(PyObject *self)
{
    /* not checking for PyCursesInitialised here since filter() must
       be called before initscr() */
    filter();
    Py_INCREF(Py_None);
    return Py_None;
}

static PyObject *
PyCurses_Color_Content(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    short color,r,g,b;

    PyCursesInitialised;
    PyCursesInitialisedColor;

    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "h:color_content", &color)) return NULL;

    if (color_content(color, &r, &g, &b) != ERR)
        return Py_BuildValue("(iii)", r, g, b);
    else {
        PyErr_SetString(PyCursesError,
                        "Argument 1 was out of range. Check value of COLORS.");
        return NULL;
    }
}

static PyObject *
PyCurses_color_pair(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int n;

    PyCursesInitialised;
    PyCursesInitialisedColor;

    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "i:color_pair", &n)) return NULL;
    return PyLong_FromLong((long) (n << 8));
}

static PyObject *
PyCurses_Curs_Set(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int vis,erg;

    PyCursesInitialised;

    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "i:curs_set", &vis)) return NULL;

    erg = curs_set(vis);
    if (erg == ERR) return PyCursesCheckERR(erg, "curs_set");

    return PyLong_FromLong((long) erg);
}

static PyObject *
PyCurses_Delay_Output(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int ms;

    PyCursesInitialised;

    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "i:delay_output", &ms)) return NULL;

    return PyCursesCheckERR(delay_output(ms), "delay_output");
}

static PyObject *
PyCurses_EraseChar(PyObject *self)
{
    char ch;

    PyCursesInitialised;

    ch = erasechar();

    return PyBytes_FromStringAndSize(&ch, 1);
}

static PyObject *
PyCurses_getsyx(PyObject *self)
{
    int x = 0;
    int y = 0;

    PyCursesInitialised;

    getsyx(y, x);

    return Py_BuildValue("(ii)", y, x);
}

#ifdef NCURSES_MOUSE_VERSION
static PyObject *
PyCurses_GetMouse(PyObject *self)
{
    int rtn;
    MEVENT event;

    PyCursesInitialised;

    rtn = getmouse( &event );
    if (rtn == ERR) {
        PyErr_SetString(PyCursesError, "getmouse() returned ERR");
        return NULL;
    }
    return Py_BuildValue("(hiiil)",
                         (short)event.id,
                         event.x, event.y, event.z,
                         (long) event.bstate);
}

static PyObject *
PyCurses_UngetMouse(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    MEVENT event;

    PyCursesInitialised;
    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "hiiil",
                          &event.id,
                          &event.x, &event.y, &event.z,
                          (int *) &event.bstate))
        return NULL;

    return PyCursesCheckERR(ungetmouse(&event), "ungetmouse");
}
#endif

static PyObject *
PyCurses_GetWin(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *stream)
{
    char fn[100];
    int fd = -1;
    FILE *fp = NULL;
    PyObject *data;
    size_t datalen;
    WINDOW *win;
    _Py_IDENTIFIER(read);
    PyObject *res = NULL;

    PyCursesInitialised;

    strcpy(fn, "/tmp/py.curses.getwin.XXXXXX");
    fd = mkstemp(fn);
    if (fd < 0)
        return PyErr_SetFromErrnoWithFilename(PyExc_IOError, fn);
    if (_Py_set_inheritable(fd, 0, NULL) < 0)
        goto error;
    fp = fdopen(fd, "wb+");
    if (fp == NULL) {
        PyErr_SetFromErrnoWithFilename(PyExc_IOError, fn);
        goto error;
    }

    data = _PyObject_CallMethodId(stream, &PyId_read, "");
    if (data == NULL)
        goto error;
    if (!PyBytes_Check(data)) {
        PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
                     "f.read() returned %.100s instead of bytes",
                     data->ob_type->tp_name);
        Py_DECREF(data);
        goto error;
    }
    datalen = PyBytes_GET_SIZE(data);
    if (fwrite(PyBytes_AS_STRING(data), 1, datalen, fp) != datalen) {
        Py_DECREF(data);
        PyErr_SetFromErrnoWithFilename(PyExc_IOError, fn);
        goto error;
    }
    Py_DECREF(data);

    fseek(fp, 0, 0);
    win = getwin(fp);
    if (win == NULL) {
        PyErr_SetString(PyCursesError, catchall_NULL);
        goto error;
    }
    res = PyCursesWindow_New(win, NULL);

error:
    if (fp != NULL)
        fclose(fp);
    else if (fd != -1)
        close(fd);
    remove(fn);
    return res;
}

static PyObject *
PyCurses_HalfDelay(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    unsigned char tenths;

    PyCursesInitialised;

    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "b:halfdelay", &tenths)) return NULL;

    return PyCursesCheckERR(halfdelay(tenths), "halfdelay");
}

#ifndef STRICT_SYSV_CURSES
/* No has_key! */
static PyObject * PyCurses_has_key(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int ch;

    PyCursesInitialised;

    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"i",&ch)) return NULL;

    if (has_key(ch) == FALSE) {
        Py_INCREF(Py_False);
        return Py_False;
    }
    Py_INCREF(Py_True);
    return Py_True;
}
#endif /* STRICT_SYSV_CURSES */

static PyObject *
PyCurses_Init_Color(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    short color, r, g, b;

    PyCursesInitialised;
    PyCursesInitialisedColor;

    switch(PyTuple_Size(args)) {
    case 4:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "hhhh;color,r,g,b", &color, &r, &g, &b)) return NULL;
        break;
    default:
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "init_color requires 4 arguments");
        return NULL;
    }

    return PyCursesCheckERR(init_color(color, r, g, b), "init_color");
}

static PyObject *
PyCurses_Init_Pair(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    short pair, f, b;

    PyCursesInitialised;
    PyCursesInitialisedColor;

    if (PyTuple_Size(args) != 3) {
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "init_pair requires 3 arguments");
        return NULL;
    }

    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "hhh;pair, f, b", &pair, &f, &b)) return NULL;

    return PyCursesCheckERR(init_pair(pair, f, b), "init_pair");
}

static PyObject *ModDict;

static PyObject *
PyCurses_InitScr(PyObject *self)
{
    WINDOW *win;
    PyCursesWindowObject *winobj;

    if (initialised == TRUE) {
        wrefresh(stdscr);
        return (PyObject *)PyCursesWindow_New(stdscr, NULL);
    }

    win = initscr();

    if (win == NULL) {
        PyErr_SetString(PyCursesError, catchall_NULL);
        return NULL;
    }

    initialised = initialised_setupterm = TRUE;

/* This was moved from initcurses() because it core dumped on SGI,
   where they're not defined until you've called initscr() */
#define SetDictInt(string,ch)                                           \
    do {                                                                \
        PyObject *o = PyLong_FromLong((long) (ch));                     \
        if (o && PyDict_SetItemString(ModDict, string, o) == 0)     {   \
            Py_DECREF(o);                                               \
        }                                                               \
    } while (0)

    /* Here are some graphic symbols you can use */
    SetDictInt("ACS_ULCORNER",      (ACS_ULCORNER));
    SetDictInt("ACS_LLCORNER",      (ACS_LLCORNER));
    SetDictInt("ACS_URCORNER",      (ACS_URCORNER));
    SetDictInt("ACS_LRCORNER",      (ACS_LRCORNER));
    SetDictInt("ACS_LTEE",          (ACS_LTEE));
    SetDictInt("ACS_RTEE",          (ACS_RTEE));
    SetDictInt("ACS_BTEE",          (ACS_BTEE));
    SetDictInt("ACS_TTEE",          (ACS_TTEE));
    SetDictInt("ACS_HLINE",         (ACS_HLINE));
    SetDictInt("ACS_VLINE",         (ACS_VLINE));
    SetDictInt("ACS_PLUS",          (ACS_PLUS));
#if !defined(__hpux) || defined(HAVE_NCURSES_H)
    /* On HP/UX 11, these are of type cchar_t, which is not an
       integral type. If this is a problem on more platforms, a
       configure test should be added to determine whether ACS_S1
       is of integral type. */
    SetDictInt("ACS_S1",            (ACS_S1));
    SetDictInt("ACS_S9",            (ACS_S9));
    SetDictInt("ACS_DIAMOND",       (ACS_DIAMOND));
    SetDictInt("ACS_CKBOARD",       (ACS_CKBOARD));
    SetDictInt("ACS_DEGREE",        (ACS_DEGREE));
    SetDictInt("ACS_PLMINUS",       (ACS_PLMINUS));
    SetDictInt("ACS_BULLET",        (ACS_BULLET));
    SetDictInt("ACS_LARROW",        (ACS_LARROW));
    SetDictInt("ACS_RARROW",        (ACS_RARROW));
    SetDictInt("ACS_DARROW",        (ACS_DARROW));
    SetDictInt("ACS_UARROW",        (ACS_UARROW));
    SetDictInt("ACS_BOARD",         (ACS_BOARD));
    SetDictInt("ACS_LANTERN",       (ACS_LANTERN));
    SetDictInt("ACS_BLOCK",         (ACS_BLOCK));
#endif
    SetDictInt("ACS_BSSB",          (ACS_ULCORNER));
    SetDictInt("ACS_SSBB",          (ACS_LLCORNER));
    SetDictInt("ACS_BBSS",          (ACS_URCORNER));
    SetDictInt("ACS_SBBS",          (ACS_LRCORNER));
    SetDictInt("ACS_SBSS",          (ACS_RTEE));
    SetDictInt("ACS_SSSB",          (ACS_LTEE));
    SetDictInt("ACS_SSBS",          (ACS_BTEE));
    SetDictInt("ACS_BSSS",          (ACS_TTEE));
    SetDictInt("ACS_BSBS",          (ACS_HLINE));
    SetDictInt("ACS_SBSB",          (ACS_VLINE));
    SetDictInt("ACS_SSSS",          (ACS_PLUS));

    /* The following are never available with strict SYSV curses */
#ifdef ACS_S3
    SetDictInt("ACS_S3",            (ACS_S3));
#endif
#ifdef ACS_S7
    SetDictInt("ACS_S7",            (ACS_S7));
#endif
#ifdef ACS_LEQUAL
    SetDictInt("ACS_LEQUAL",        (ACS_LEQUAL));
#endif
#ifdef ACS_GEQUAL
    SetDictInt("ACS_GEQUAL",        (ACS_GEQUAL));
#endif
#ifdef ACS_PI
    SetDictInt("ACS_PI",            (ACS_PI));
#endif
#ifdef ACS_NEQUAL
    SetDictInt("ACS_NEQUAL",        (ACS_NEQUAL));
#endif
#ifdef ACS_STERLING
    SetDictInt("ACS_STERLING",      (ACS_STERLING));
#endif

    SetDictInt("LINES", LINES);
    SetDictInt("COLS", COLS);

    winobj = (PyCursesWindowObject *)PyCursesWindow_New(win, NULL);
    screen_encoding = winobj->encoding;
    return (PyObject *)winobj;
}

static PyObject *
PyCurses_setupterm(PyObject* self, PyObject *args, PyObject* keywds)
{
    int fd = -1;
    int err;
    char* termstr = NULL;

    static char *kwlist[] = {"term", "fd", NULL};

    if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(
            args, keywds, "|zi:setupterm", kwlist, &termstr, &fd)) {
        return NULL;
    }

    if (fd == -1) {
        PyObject* sys_stdout;

        sys_stdout = PySys_GetObject("stdout");

        if (sys_stdout == NULL || sys_stdout == Py_None) {
            PyErr_SetString(
                PyCursesError,
                "lost sys.stdout");
            return NULL;
        }

        fd = PyObject_AsFileDescriptor(sys_stdout);

        if (fd == -1) {
            return NULL;
        }
    }

    if (!initialised_setupterm && setupterm(termstr,fd,&err) == ERR) {
        char* s = "setupterm: unknown error";

        if (err == 0) {
            s = "setupterm: could not find terminal";
        } else if (err == -1) {
            s = "setupterm: could not find terminfo database";
        }

        PyErr_SetString(PyCursesError,s);
        return NULL;
    }

    initialised_setupterm = TRUE;

    Py_INCREF(Py_None);
    return Py_None;
}

static PyObject *
PyCurses_IntrFlush(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int ch;

    PyCursesInitialised;

    switch(PyTuple_Size(args)) {
    case 1:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"i;True(1), False(0)",&ch)) return NULL;
        break;
    default:
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "intrflush requires 1 argument");
        return NULL;
    }

    return PyCursesCheckERR(intrflush(NULL,ch), "intrflush");
}

#ifdef HAVE_CURSES_IS_TERM_RESIZED
static PyObject *
PyCurses_Is_Term_Resized(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int lines;
    int columns;
    int result;

    PyCursesInitialised;

    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"ii:is_term_resized", &lines, &columns))
        return NULL;
    result = is_term_resized(lines, columns);
    if (result == TRUE) {
        Py_INCREF(Py_True);
        return Py_True;
    } else {
        Py_INCREF(Py_False);
        return Py_False;
    }
}
#endif /* HAVE_CURSES_IS_TERM_RESIZED */

#if !defined(__NetBSD__)
static PyObject *
PyCurses_KeyName(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    const char *knp;
    int ch;

    PyCursesInitialised;

    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"i",&ch)) return NULL;

    if (ch < 0) {
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError, "invalid key number");
        return NULL;
    }
    knp = keyname(ch);

    return PyBytes_FromString((knp == NULL) ? "" : knp);
}
#endif

static PyObject *
PyCurses_KillChar(PyObject *self)
{
    char ch;

    ch = killchar();

    return PyBytes_FromStringAndSize(&ch, 1);
}

static PyObject *
PyCurses_Meta(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int ch;

    PyCursesInitialised;

    switch(PyTuple_Size(args)) {
    case 1:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"i;True(1), False(0)",&ch)) return NULL;
        break;
    default:
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "meta requires 1 argument");
        return NULL;
    }

    return PyCursesCheckERR(meta(stdscr, ch), "meta");
}

#ifdef NCURSES_MOUSE_VERSION
static PyObject *
PyCurses_MouseInterval(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int interval;
    PyCursesInitialised;

    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"i;interval",&interval))
        return NULL;
    return PyCursesCheckERR(mouseinterval(interval), "mouseinterval");
}

static PyObject *
PyCurses_MouseMask(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int newmask;
    mmask_t oldmask, availmask;

    PyCursesInitialised;
    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"i;mousemask",&newmask))
        return NULL;
    availmask = mousemask(newmask, &oldmask);
    return Py_BuildValue("(ll)", (long)availmask, (long)oldmask);
}
#endif

static PyObject *
PyCurses_Napms(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int ms;

    PyCursesInitialised;
    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "i;ms", &ms)) return NULL;

    return Py_BuildValue("i", napms(ms));
}


static PyObject *
PyCurses_NewPad(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    WINDOW *win;
    int nlines, ncols;

    PyCursesInitialised;

    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"ii;nlines,ncols",&nlines,&ncols)) return NULL;

    win = newpad(nlines, ncols);

    if (win == NULL) {
        PyErr_SetString(PyCursesError, catchall_NULL);
        return NULL;
    }

    return (PyObject *)PyCursesWindow_New(win, NULL);
}

static PyObject *
PyCurses_NewWindow(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    WINDOW *win;
    int nlines, ncols, begin_y=0, begin_x=0;

    PyCursesInitialised;

    switch (PyTuple_Size(args)) {
    case 2:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"ii;nlines,ncols",&nlines,&ncols))
            return NULL;
        break;
    case 4:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "iiii;nlines,ncols,begin_y,begin_x",
                              &nlines,&ncols,&begin_y,&begin_x))
            return NULL;
        break;
    default:
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "newwin requires 2 or 4 arguments");
        return NULL;
    }

    win = newwin(nlines,ncols,begin_y,begin_x);
    if (win == NULL) {
        PyErr_SetString(PyCursesError, catchall_NULL);
        return NULL;
    }

    return (PyObject *)PyCursesWindow_New(win, NULL);
}

static PyObject *
PyCurses_Pair_Content(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    short pair,f,b;

    PyCursesInitialised;
    PyCursesInitialisedColor;

    switch(PyTuple_Size(args)) {
    case 1:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "h;pair", &pair)) return NULL;
        break;
    default:
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "pair_content requires 1 argument");
        return NULL;
    }

    if (pair_content(pair, &f, &b)==ERR) {
        PyErr_SetString(PyCursesError,
                        "Argument 1 was out of range. (1..COLOR_PAIRS-1)");
        return NULL;
    }

    return Py_BuildValue("(ii)", f, b);
}

static PyObject *
PyCurses_pair_number(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int n;

    PyCursesInitialised;
    PyCursesInitialisedColor;

    switch(PyTuple_Size(args)) {
    case 1:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "i;pairvalue", &n)) return NULL;
        break;
    default:
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
                        "pair_number requires 1 argument");
        return NULL;
    }

    return PyLong_FromLong((long) ((n & A_COLOR) >> 8));
}

static PyObject *
PyCurses_Putp(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    char *str;

    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"y;str", &str))
        return NULL;
    return PyCursesCheckERR(putp(str), "putp");
}

static PyObject *
PyCurses_QiFlush(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int flag = 0;

    PyCursesInitialised;

    switch(PyTuple_Size(args)) {
    case 0:
        qiflush();
        Py_INCREF(Py_None);
        return Py_None;
    case 1:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "i;True(1) or False(0)", &flag)) return NULL;
        if (flag) qiflush();
        else noqiflush();
        Py_INCREF(Py_None);
        return Py_None;
    default:
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "qiflush requires 0 or 1 arguments");
        return NULL;
    }
}

/* Internal helper used for updating curses.LINES, curses.COLS, _curses.LINES
 * and _curses.COLS */
#if defined(HAVE_CURSES_RESIZETERM) || defined(HAVE_CURSES_RESIZE_TERM)
static int
update_lines_cols(void)
{
    PyObject *o;
    PyObject *m = PyImport_ImportModuleNoBlock("curses");
    _Py_IDENTIFIER(LINES);
    _Py_IDENTIFIER(COLS);

    if (!m)
        return 0;

    o = PyLong_FromLong(LINES);
    if (!o) {
        Py_DECREF(m);
        return 0;
    }
    if (_PyObject_SetAttrId(m, &PyId_LINES, o)) {
        Py_DECREF(m);
        Py_DECREF(o);
        return 0;
    }
    /* PyId_LINES.object will be initialized here. */
    if (PyDict_SetItem(ModDict, PyId_LINES.object, o)) {
        Py_DECREF(m);
        Py_DECREF(o);
        return 0;
    }
    Py_DECREF(o);
    o = PyLong_FromLong(COLS);
    if (!o) {
        Py_DECREF(m);
        return 0;
    }
    if (_PyObject_SetAttrId(m, &PyId_COLS, o)) {
        Py_DECREF(m);
        Py_DECREF(o);
        return 0;
    }
    if (PyDict_SetItem(ModDict, PyId_COLS.object, o)) {
        Py_DECREF(m);
        Py_DECREF(o);
        return 0;
    }
    Py_DECREF(o);
    Py_DECREF(m);
    return 1;
}

static PyObject *
PyCurses_update_lines_cols(PyObject *self)
{
  return PyLong_FromLong((long) update_lines_cols());
}

#endif

#ifdef HAVE_CURSES_RESIZETERM
static PyObject *
PyCurses_ResizeTerm(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int lines;
    int columns;
    PyObject *result;

    PyCursesInitialised;

    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"ii:resizeterm", &lines, &columns))
        return NULL;

    result = PyCursesCheckERR(resizeterm(lines, columns), "resizeterm");
    if (!result)
        return NULL;
    if (!update_lines_cols())
        return NULL;
    return result;
}

#endif

#ifdef HAVE_CURSES_RESIZE_TERM
static PyObject *
PyCurses_Resize_Term(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int lines;
    int columns;

    PyObject *result;

    PyCursesInitialised;

    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"ii:resize_term", &lines, &columns))
        return NULL;

    result = PyCursesCheckERR(resize_term(lines, columns), "resize_term");
    if (!result)
        return NULL;
    if (!update_lines_cols())
        return NULL;
    return result;
}
#endif /* HAVE_CURSES_RESIZE_TERM */

static PyObject *
PyCurses_setsyx(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int y,x;

    PyCursesInitialised;

    if (PyTuple_Size(args)!=2) {
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "setsyx requires 2 arguments");
        return NULL;
    }

    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "ii;y, x", &y, &x)) return NULL;

    setsyx(y,x);

    Py_INCREF(Py_None);
    return Py_None;
}

static PyObject *
PyCurses_Start_Color(PyObject *self)
{
    int code;
    PyObject *c, *cp;

    PyCursesInitialised;

    code = start_color();
    if (code != ERR) {
        initialisedcolors = TRUE;
        c = PyLong_FromLong((long) COLORS);
        if (c == NULL)
            return NULL;
        PyDict_SetItemString(ModDict, "COLORS", c);
        Py_DECREF(c);
        cp = PyLong_FromLong((long) COLOR_PAIRS);
        if (cp == NULL)
            return NULL;
        PyDict_SetItemString(ModDict, "COLOR_PAIRS", cp);
        Py_DECREF(cp);
        Py_INCREF(Py_None);
        return Py_None;
    } else {
        PyErr_SetString(PyCursesError, "start_color() returned ERR");
        return NULL;
    }
}

static PyObject *
PyCurses_tigetflag(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    char *capname;

    PyCursesSetupTermCalled;

    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "s", &capname))
        return NULL;

    return PyLong_FromLong( (long) tigetflag( capname ) );
}

static PyObject *
PyCurses_tigetnum(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    char *capname;

    PyCursesSetupTermCalled;

    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "s", &capname))
        return NULL;

    return PyLong_FromLong( (long) tigetnum( capname ) );
}

static PyObject *
PyCurses_tigetstr(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    char *capname;

    PyCursesSetupTermCalled;

    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "s", &capname))
        return NULL;

    capname = tigetstr( capname );
    if (capname == 0 || capname == (char*) -1) {
        Py_INCREF(Py_None);
        return Py_None;
    }
    return PyBytes_FromString( capname );
}

static PyObject *
PyCurses_tparm(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    char* fmt;
    char* result = NULL;
    int i1=0,i2=0,i3=0,i4=0,i5=0,i6=0,i7=0,i8=0,i9=0;

    PyCursesSetupTermCalled;

    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "y|iiiiiiiii:tparm",
                          &fmt, &i1, &i2, &i3, &i4,
                          &i5, &i6, &i7, &i8, &i9)) {
        return NULL;
    }

    result = tparm(fmt,i1,i2,i3,i4,i5,i6,i7,i8,i9);
    if (!result) {
        PyErr_SetString(PyCursesError, "tparm() returned NULL");
        return NULL;
    }

    return PyBytes_FromString(result);
}

static PyObject *
PyCurses_TypeAhead(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int fd;

    PyCursesInitialised;

    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"i;fd",&fd)) return NULL;

    return PyCursesCheckERR(typeahead( fd ), "typeahead");
}

static PyObject *
PyCurses_UnCtrl(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    PyObject *temp;
    chtype ch;

    PyCursesInitialised;

    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"O;ch or int",&temp)) return NULL;

    if (!PyCurses_ConvertToChtype(NULL, temp, &ch))
        return NULL;

    return PyBytes_FromString(unctrl(ch));
}

static PyObject *
PyCurses_UngetCh(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    PyObject *temp;
    chtype ch;

    PyCursesInitialised;

    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"O;ch or int",&temp))
        return NULL;

    if (!PyCurses_ConvertToChtype(NULL, temp, &ch))
        return NULL;

    return PyCursesCheckERR(ungetch(ch), "ungetch");
}

#ifdef HAVE_NCURSESW
/* Convert an object to a character (wchar_t):

    - int
    - str of length 1

   Return 1 on success, 0 on error. */
static int
PyCurses_ConvertToWchar_t(PyObject *obj,
                          wchar_t *wch)
{
    if (PyUnicode_Check(obj)) {
        wchar_t buffer[2];
        if (PyUnicode_AsWideChar(obj, buffer, 2) != 1) {
            PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
                         "expect bytes or str of length 1, or int, "
                         "got a str of length %zi",
                         PyUnicode_GET_LENGTH(obj));
            return 0;
        }
        *wch = buffer[0];
        return 2;
    }
    else if (PyLong_CheckExact(obj)) {
        long value;
        int overflow;
        value = PyLong_AsLongAndOverflow(obj, &overflow);
        if (overflow) {
            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
                            "int doesn't fit in long");
            return 0;
        }
        *wch = (wchar_t)value;
        if ((long)*wch != value) {
            PyErr_Format(PyExc_OverflowError,
                         "character doesn't fit in wchar_t");
            return 0;
        }
        return 1;
    }
    else {
        PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
                     "expect bytes or str of length 1, or int, got %s",
                     Py_TYPE(obj)->tp_name);
        return 0;
    }
}

static PyObject *
PyCurses_Unget_Wch(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    PyObject *obj;
    wchar_t wch;

    PyCursesInitialised;

    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"O", &obj))
        return NULL;

    if (!PyCurses_ConvertToWchar_t(obj, &wch))
        return NULL;
    return PyCursesCheckERR(unget_wch(wch), "unget_wch");
}
#endif

static PyObject *
PyCurses_Use_Env(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int flag;

    switch(PyTuple_Size(args)) {
    case 1:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"i;True(1), False(0)",&flag))
            return NULL;
        break;
    default:
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "use_env requires 1 argument");
        return NULL;
    }
    use_env(flag);
    Py_INCREF(Py_None);
    return Py_None;
}

#ifndef STRICT_SYSV_CURSES
static PyObject *
PyCurses_Use_Default_Colors(PyObject *self)
{
    int code;

    PyCursesInitialised;
    PyCursesInitialisedColor;

    code = use_default_colors();
    if (code != ERR) {
        Py_INCREF(Py_None);
        return Py_None;
    } else {
        PyErr_SetString(PyCursesError, "use_default_colors() returned ERR");
        return NULL;
    }
}
#endif /* STRICT_SYSV_CURSES */

/* List of functions defined in the module */

static PyMethodDef PyCurses_methods[] = {
    {"baudrate",            (PyCFunction)PyCurses_baudrate, METH_NOARGS},
    {"beep",                (PyCFunction)PyCurses_beep, METH_NOARGS},
    {"can_change_color",    (PyCFunction)PyCurses_can_change_color, METH_NOARGS},
    {"cbreak",              (PyCFunction)PyCurses_cbreak, METH_VARARGS},
    {"color_content",       (PyCFunction)PyCurses_Color_Content, METH_VARARGS},
    {"color_pair",          (PyCFunction)PyCurses_color_pair, METH_VARARGS},
    {"curs_set",            (PyCFunction)PyCurses_Curs_Set, METH_VARARGS},
    {"def_prog_mode",       (PyCFunction)PyCurses_def_prog_mode, METH_NOARGS},
    {"def_shell_mode",      (PyCFunction)PyCurses_def_shell_mode, METH_NOARGS},
    {"delay_output",        (PyCFunction)PyCurses_Delay_Output, METH_VARARGS},
    {"doupdate",            (PyCFunction)PyCurses_doupdate, METH_NOARGS},
    {"echo",                (PyCFunction)PyCurses_echo, METH_VARARGS},
    {"endwin",              (PyCFunction)PyCurses_endwin, METH_NOARGS},
    {"erasechar",           (PyCFunction)PyCurses_EraseChar, METH_NOARGS},
    {"filter",              (PyCFunction)PyCurses_filter, METH_NOARGS},
    {"flash",               (PyCFunction)PyCurses_flash, METH_NOARGS},
    {"flushinp",            (PyCFunction)PyCurses_flushinp, METH_NOARGS},
#ifdef NCURSES_MOUSE_VERSION
    {"getmouse",            (PyCFunction)PyCurses_GetMouse, METH_NOARGS},
    {"ungetmouse",          (PyCFunction)PyCurses_UngetMouse, METH_VARARGS},
#endif
    {"getsyx",              (PyCFunction)PyCurses_getsyx, METH_NOARGS},
    {"getwin",              (PyCFunction)PyCurses_GetWin, METH_O},
    {"has_colors",          (PyCFunction)PyCurses_has_colors, METH_NOARGS},
    {"has_ic",              (PyCFunction)PyCurses_has_ic, METH_NOARGS},
    {"has_il",              (PyCFunction)PyCurses_has_il, METH_NOARGS},
#ifndef STRICT_SYSV_CURSES
    {"has_key",             (PyCFunction)PyCurses_has_key, METH_VARARGS},
#endif
    {"halfdelay",           (PyCFunction)PyCurses_HalfDelay, METH_VARARGS},
    {"init_color",          (PyCFunction)PyCurses_Init_Color, METH_VARARGS},
    {"init_pair",           (PyCFunction)PyCurses_Init_Pair, METH_VARARGS},
    {"initscr",             (PyCFunction)PyCurses_InitScr, METH_NOARGS},
    {"intrflush",           (PyCFunction)PyCurses_IntrFlush, METH_VARARGS},
    {"isendwin",            (PyCFunction)PyCurses_isendwin, METH_NOARGS},
#ifdef HAVE_CURSES_IS_TERM_RESIZED
    {"is_term_resized",     (PyCFunction)PyCurses_Is_Term_Resized, METH_VARARGS},
#endif
#if !defined(__NetBSD__)
    {"keyname",             (PyCFunction)PyCurses_KeyName, METH_VARARGS},
#endif
    {"killchar",            (PyCFunction)PyCurses_KillChar, METH_NOARGS},
    {"longname",            (PyCFunction)PyCurses_longname, METH_NOARGS},
    {"meta",                (PyCFunction)PyCurses_Meta, METH_VARARGS},
#ifdef NCURSES_MOUSE_VERSION
    {"mouseinterval",       (PyCFunction)PyCurses_MouseInterval, METH_VARARGS},
    {"mousemask",           (PyCFunction)PyCurses_MouseMask, METH_VARARGS},
#endif
    {"napms",               (PyCFunction)PyCurses_Napms, METH_VARARGS},
    {"newpad",              (PyCFunction)PyCurses_NewPad, METH_VARARGS},
    {"newwin",              (PyCFunction)PyCurses_NewWindow, METH_VARARGS},
    {"nl",                  (PyCFunction)PyCurses_nl, METH_VARARGS},
    {"nocbreak",            (PyCFunction)PyCurses_nocbreak, METH_NOARGS},
    {"noecho",              (PyCFunction)PyCurses_noecho, METH_NOARGS},
    {"nonl",                (PyCFunction)PyCurses_nonl, METH_NOARGS},
    {"noqiflush",           (PyCFunction)PyCurses_noqiflush, METH_NOARGS},
    {"noraw",               (PyCFunction)PyCurses_noraw, METH_NOARGS},
    {"pair_content",        (PyCFunction)PyCurses_Pair_Content, METH_VARARGS},
    {"pair_number",         (PyCFunction)PyCurses_pair_number, METH_VARARGS},
    {"putp",                (PyCFunction)PyCurses_Putp, METH_VARARGS},
    {"qiflush",             (PyCFunction)PyCurses_QiFlush, METH_VARARGS},
    {"raw",                 (PyCFunction)PyCurses_raw, METH_VARARGS},
    {"reset_prog_mode",     (PyCFunction)PyCurses_reset_prog_mode, METH_NOARGS},
    {"reset_shell_mode",    (PyCFunction)PyCurses_reset_shell_mode, METH_NOARGS},
    {"resetty",             (PyCFunction)PyCurses_resetty, METH_NOARGS},
#ifdef HAVE_CURSES_RESIZETERM
    {"resizeterm",          (PyCFunction)PyCurses_ResizeTerm, METH_VARARGS},
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_CURSES_RESIZE_TERM
    {"resize_term",         (PyCFunction)PyCurses_Resize_Term, METH_VARARGS},
#endif
    {"savetty",             (PyCFunction)PyCurses_savetty, METH_NOARGS},
    {"setsyx",              (PyCFunction)PyCurses_setsyx, METH_VARARGS},
    {"setupterm",           (PyCFunction)PyCurses_setupterm,
     METH_VARARGS|METH_KEYWORDS},
    {"start_color",         (PyCFunction)PyCurses_Start_Color, METH_NOARGS},
    {"termattrs",           (PyCFunction)PyCurses_termattrs, METH_NOARGS},
    {"termname",            (PyCFunction)PyCurses_termname, METH_NOARGS},
    {"tigetflag",           (PyCFunction)PyCurses_tigetflag, METH_VARARGS},
    {"tigetnum",            (PyCFunction)PyCurses_tigetnum, METH_VARARGS},
    {"tigetstr",            (PyCFunction)PyCurses_tigetstr, METH_VARARGS},
    {"tparm",               (PyCFunction)PyCurses_tparm, METH_VARARGS},
    {"typeahead",           (PyCFunction)PyCurses_TypeAhead, METH_VARARGS},
    {"unctrl",              (PyCFunction)PyCurses_UnCtrl, METH_VARARGS},
    {"ungetch",             (PyCFunction)PyCurses_UngetCh, METH_VARARGS},
#if defined(HAVE_CURSES_RESIZETERM) || defined(HAVE_CURSES_RESIZE_TERM)
    {"update_lines_cols",   (PyCFunction)PyCurses_update_lines_cols, METH_NOARGS},
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_NCURSESW
    {"unget_wch",           (PyCFunction)PyCurses_Unget_Wch, METH_VARARGS},
#endif
    {"use_env",             (PyCFunction)PyCurses_Use_Env, METH_VARARGS},
#ifndef STRICT_SYSV_CURSES
    {"use_default_colors",  (PyCFunction)PyCurses_Use_Default_Colors, METH_NOARGS},
#endif
    {NULL,                  NULL}         /* sentinel */
};

/* Initialization function for the module */


static struct PyModuleDef _cursesmodule = {
    PyModuleDef_HEAD_INIT,
    "_curses",
    NULL,
    -1,
    PyCurses_methods,
    NULL,
    NULL,
    NULL,
    NULL
};

PyMODINIT_FUNC
PyInit__curses(void)
{
    PyObject *m, *d, *v, *c_api_object;
    static void *PyCurses_API[PyCurses_API_pointers];

    /* Initialize object type */
    if (PyType_Ready(&PyCursesWindow_Type) < 0)
        return NULL;

    /* Initialize the C API pointer array */
    PyCurses_API[0] = (void *)&PyCursesWindow_Type;
    PyCurses_API[1] = (void *)func_PyCursesSetupTermCalled;
    PyCurses_API[2] = (void *)func_PyCursesInitialised;
    PyCurses_API[3] = (void *)func_PyCursesInitialisedColor;

    /* Create the module and add the functions */
    m = PyModule_Create(&_cursesmodule);
    if (m == NULL)
        return NULL;

    /* Add some symbolic constants to the module */
    d = PyModule_GetDict(m);
    if (d == NULL)
        return NULL;
    ModDict = d; /* For PyCurses_InitScr to use later */

    /* Add a capsule for the C API */
    c_api_object = PyCapsule_New(PyCurses_API, PyCurses_CAPSULE_NAME, NULL);
    PyDict_SetItemString(d, "_C_API", c_api_object);
    Py_DECREF(c_api_object);

    /* For exception curses.error */
    PyCursesError = PyErr_NewException("_curses.error", NULL, NULL);
    PyDict_SetItemString(d, "error", PyCursesError);

    /* Make the version available */
    v = PyBytes_FromString(PyCursesVersion);
    PyDict_SetItemString(d, "version", v);
    PyDict_SetItemString(d, "__version__", v);
    Py_DECREF(v);

    SetDictInt("ERR", ERR);
    SetDictInt("OK", OK);

    /* Here are some attributes you can add to chars to print */

    SetDictInt("A_ATTRIBUTES",      A_ATTRIBUTES);
    SetDictInt("A_NORMAL",              A_NORMAL);
    SetDictInt("A_STANDOUT",            A_STANDOUT);
    SetDictInt("A_UNDERLINE",           A_UNDERLINE);
    SetDictInt("A_REVERSE",             A_REVERSE);
    SetDictInt("A_BLINK",               A_BLINK);
    SetDictInt("A_DIM",                 A_DIM);
    SetDictInt("A_BOLD",                A_BOLD);
    SetDictInt("A_ALTCHARSET",          A_ALTCHARSET);
#if !defined(__NetBSD__)
    SetDictInt("A_INVIS",           A_INVIS);
#endif
    SetDictInt("A_PROTECT",         A_PROTECT);
    SetDictInt("A_CHARTEXT",        A_CHARTEXT);
    SetDictInt("A_COLOR",           A_COLOR);

    /* The following are never available with strict SYSV curses */
#ifdef A_HORIZONTAL
    SetDictInt("A_HORIZONTAL",      A_HORIZONTAL);
#endif
#ifdef A_LEFT
    SetDictInt("A_LEFT",            A_LEFT);
#endif
#ifdef A_LOW
    SetDictInt("A_LOW",             A_LOW);
#endif
#ifdef A_RIGHT
    SetDictInt("A_RIGHT",           A_RIGHT);
#endif
#ifdef A_TOP
    SetDictInt("A_TOP",             A_TOP);
#endif
#ifdef A_VERTICAL
    SetDictInt("A_VERTICAL",        A_VERTICAL);
#endif

    SetDictInt("COLOR_BLACK",       COLOR_BLACK);
    SetDictInt("COLOR_RED",         COLOR_RED);
    SetDictInt("COLOR_GREEN",       COLOR_GREEN);
    SetDictInt("COLOR_YELLOW",      COLOR_YELLOW);
    SetDictInt("COLOR_BLUE",        COLOR_BLUE);
    SetDictInt("COLOR_MAGENTA",     COLOR_MAGENTA);
    SetDictInt("COLOR_CYAN",        COLOR_CYAN);
    SetDictInt("COLOR_WHITE",       COLOR_WHITE);

#ifdef NCURSES_MOUSE_VERSION
    /* Mouse-related constants */
    SetDictInt("BUTTON1_PRESSED",          BUTTON1_PRESSED);
    SetDictInt("BUTTON1_RELEASED",         BUTTON1_RELEASED);
    SetDictInt("BUTTON1_CLICKED",          BUTTON1_CLICKED);
    SetDictInt("BUTTON1_DOUBLE_CLICKED",   BUTTON1_DOUBLE_CLICKED);
    SetDictInt("BUTTON1_TRIPLE_CLICKED",   BUTTON1_TRIPLE_CLICKED);

    SetDictInt("BUTTON2_PRESSED",          BUTTON2_PRESSED);
    SetDictInt("BUTTON2_RELEASED",         BUTTON2_RELEASED);
    SetDictInt("BUTTON2_CLICKED",          BUTTON2_CLICKED);
    SetDictInt("BUTTON2_DOUBLE_CLICKED",   BUTTON2_DOUBLE_CLICKED);
    SetDictInt("BUTTON2_TRIPLE_CLICKED",   BUTTON2_TRIPLE_CLICKED);

    SetDictInt("BUTTON3_PRESSED",          BUTTON3_PRESSED);
    SetDictInt("BUTTON3_RELEASED",         BUTTON3_RELEASED);
    SetDictInt("BUTTON3_CLICKED",          BUTTON3_CLICKED);
    SetDictInt("BUTTON3_DOUBLE_CLICKED",   BUTTON3_DOUBLE_CLICKED);
    SetDictInt("BUTTON3_TRIPLE_CLICKED",   BUTTON3_TRIPLE_CLICKED);

    SetDictInt("BUTTON4_PRESSED",          BUTTON4_PRESSED);
    SetDictInt("BUTTON4_RELEASED",         BUTTON4_RELEASED);
    SetDictInt("BUTTON4_CLICKED",          BUTTON4_CLICKED);
    SetDictInt("BUTTON4_DOUBLE_CLICKED",   BUTTON4_DOUBLE_CLICKED);
    SetDictInt("BUTTON4_TRIPLE_CLICKED",   BUTTON4_TRIPLE_CLICKED);

    SetDictInt("BUTTON_SHIFT",             BUTTON_SHIFT);
    SetDictInt("BUTTON_CTRL",              BUTTON_CTRL);
    SetDictInt("BUTTON_ALT",               BUTTON_ALT);

    SetDictInt("ALL_MOUSE_EVENTS",         ALL_MOUSE_EVENTS);
    SetDictInt("REPORT_MOUSE_POSITION",    REPORT_MOUSE_POSITION);
#endif
    /* Now set everything up for KEY_ variables */
    {
        int key;
        char *key_n;
        char *key_n2;
#if !defined(__NetBSD__)
        for (key=KEY_MIN;key < KEY_MAX; key++) {
            key_n = (char *)keyname(key);
            if (key_n == NULL || strcmp(key_n,"UNKNOWN KEY")==0)
                continue;
            if (strncmp(key_n,"KEY_F(",6)==0) {
                char *p1, *p2;
                key_n2 = PyMem_Malloc(strlen(key_n)+1);
                if (!key_n2) {
                    PyErr_NoMemory();
                    break;
                }
                p1 = key_n;
                p2 = key_n2;
                while (*p1) {
                    if (*p1 != '(' && *p1 != ')') {
                        *p2 = *p1;
                        p2++;
                    }
                    p1++;
                }
                *p2 = (char)0;
            } else
                key_n2 = key_n;
            SetDictInt(key_n2,key);
            if (key_n2 != key_n)
                PyMem_Free(key_n2);
        }
#endif
        SetDictInt("KEY_MIN", KEY_MIN);
        SetDictInt("KEY_MAX", KEY_MAX);
    }
    return m;
}