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Copy file name to clipboardExpand all lines: railties/guides/source/action_mailer_basics.textile
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@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ WARNING. This Guide is based on Rails 3.0. Some of the code shown here will not
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h3. Introduction
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Action Mailer allows you to send emails from your application using a mailer model and views. So, in Rails, emails are used by creating mailers that inherit from +ActionMailer::Base+ and live in +app/mailers+. Those mailers have associated views that appear alongside controller views in +app/views+.
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Action Mailer allows you to send emails from your application using a mailer model and views. So, in Rails, emails are used by creating mailers that inherit from +ActionMailer::Base+ and live in +app/mailers+. Those mailers have associated views that appear alongside controller views in +app/views+.
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h3. Sending Emails
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@@ -48,10 +48,8 @@ class UserMailer < ActionMailer::Base
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def welcome_email(user)
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@user = user
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@url = "http://example.com/login"
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mail(:to => user.email,
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:subject => "Welcome to My Awesome Site")
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mail(:to => user.email, :subject => "Welcome to My Awesome Site")
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end
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end
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</ruby>
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@@ -142,17 +140,17 @@ end
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This provides a much simpler implementation that does not require the registering of observers and the like.
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The method +welcome_email+ returns a Mail::Message object which can then just be told +deliver+ to send itself out.
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The method +welcome_email+ returns a <tt>Mail::Message</tt> object which can then just be told +deliver+ to send itself out.
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NOTE: In previous versions of Rails, you would call +deliver_welcome_email+ or +create_welcome_email+. This has been deprecated in Rails 3.0 in favour of just calling the method name itself.
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WARNING: Sending out one email should only take a fraction of a second, if you are planning on sending out many emails, or you have a slow domain resolution service, you might want to investigate using a background process like delayed job.
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WARNING: Sending out an email should only take a fraction of a second, but if you are planning on sending out many emails, or you have a slow domain resolution service, you might want to investigate using a background process like Delayed Job.
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h4. Auto encoding header values
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Action Mailer now handles the auto encoding of multibyte characters inside of headers and bodies.
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If you are using UTF-8 as your character set, you do not have to do anything special, just go ahead and send in UTF-8 data to the address fields, subject, keywords, filenames or body of the email and ActionMailer will auto encode it into quoted printable for you in the case of a header field or Base64 encode any body parts that are non US-ASCII.
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If you are using UTF-8 as your character set, you do not have to do anything special, just go ahead and send in UTF-8 data to the address fields, subject, keywords, filenames or body of the email and Action Mailer will auto encode it into quoted printable for you in the case of a header field or Base64 encode any body parts that are non US-ASCII.
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For more complex examples such as defining alternate character sets or self encoding text first, please refer to the Mail library.
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@@ -213,7 +211,7 @@ NOTE: If you specify an encoding, Mail will assume that your content is already
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h5. Making Inline Attachments
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ActionMailer 3.0 makes inline attachments, which involved a lot of hacking in pre 3.0 versions, much simpler and trivial as they should be.
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Action Mailer 3.0 makes inline attachments, which involved a lot of hacking in pre 3.0 versions, much simpler and trivial as they should be.
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* Firstly, to tell Mail to turn an attachment into an inline attachment, you just call <tt>#inline</tt> on the attachments method within your Mailer:
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It is possible to send email to one or more recipients in one email (for e.g. informing all admins of a new signup) by setting the list of emails to the <tt>:to</tt> key. The list of emails can be an array of email addresses or a single string with the addresses separated by commas.
mail(:subject => "New User Signup: #{@user.email}")
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end
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def new_registration(user)
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@user = user
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mail(:subject => "New User Signup: #{@user.email}")
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end
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end
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</ruby>
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The same format can be used to set carbon copy (Cc:) and blind carbon copy (Bcc:) recipients, by using the <tt>:cc</tt> and <tt>:bcc</tt> keys respectively.
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to format the email address in the format <tt>"Name <email>"</tt>.
The following configuration options are best made in one of the environment files (environment.rb, production.rb, etc...)
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|template_root|Determines the base from which template references will be made.|
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|logger|Generates information on the mailing run if available. Can be set to nil for no logging. Compatible with both Ruby's own Logger and Log4r loggers.|
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|smtp_settings|Allows detailed configuration for :smtp delivery method:<ul><li>:address - Allows you to use a remote mail server. Just change it from its default "localhost" setting.</li><li>:port - On the off chance that your mail server doesn't run on port 25, you can change it.</li><li>:domain - If you need to specify a HELO domain, you can do it here.</li><li>:user_name - If your mail server requires authentication, set the username in this setting.</li><li>:password - If your mail server requires authentication, set the password in this setting.</li><li>:authentication - If your mail server requires authentication, you need to specify the authentication type here. This is a symbol and one of :plain, :login, :cram_md5.</li></ul>|
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|sendmail_settings|Allows you to override options for the :sendmail delivery method.<ul><li>:location - The location of the sendmail executable. Defaults to /usr/sbin/sendmail.</li><li>:arguments - The command line arguments to be passed to sendmail. Defaults to -i -t.</li></ul>|
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|raise_delivery_errors|Whether or not errors should be raised if the email fails to be delivered.|
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|delivery_method|Defines a delivery method. Possible values are :smtp (default), :sendmail, :file and :test.|
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|perform_deliveries|Determines whether deliveries are actually carried out when the +deliver+ method is invoked on the Mail message. By default they are, but this can be turned off to help functional testing.|
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|deliveries|Keeps an array of all the emails sent out through the Action Mailer with delivery_method :test. Most useful for unit and functional testing.|
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|+template_root+|Determines the base from which template references will be made.|
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|+logger+|Generates information on the mailing run if available. Can be set to +nil+ for no logging. Compatible with both Ruby's own +Logger+ and +Log4r+ loggers.|
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|+smtp_settings+|Allows detailed configuration for <tt>:smtp</tt> delivery method:<ul><li><tt>:address</tt> - Allows you to use a remote mail server. Just change it from its default "localhost" setting.</li><li><tt>:port</tt> - On the off chance that your mail server doesn't run on port 25, you can change it.</li><li><tt>:domain</tt> - If you need to specify a HELO domain, you can do it here.</li><li><tt>:user_name</tt> - If your mail server requires authentication, set the username in this setting.</li><li><tt>:password</tt> - If your mail server requires authentication, set the password in this setting.</li><li><tt>:authentication</tt> - If your mail server requires authentication, you need to specify the authentication type here. This is a symbol and one of <tt>:plain</tt>, <tt>:login</tt>, <tt>:cram_md5</tt>.</li></ul>|
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|+sendmail_settings+|Allows you to override options for the <tt>:sendmail</tt> delivery method.<ul><li><tt>:location</tt> - The location of the sendmail executable. Defaults to <tt>/usr/sbin/sendmail</tt>.</li><li><tt>:arguments</tt> - The command line arguments to be passed to sendmail. Defaults to <tt>-i -t</tt>.</li></ul>|
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|+raise_delivery_errors+|Whether or not errors should be raised if the email fails to be delivered.|
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|+delivery_method+|Defines a delivery method. Possible values are <tt>:smtp</tt> (default), <tt>:sendmail</tt>, <tt>:file</tt> and <tt>:test</tt>.|
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|+perform_deliveries+|Determines whether deliveries are actually carried out when the +deliver+ method is invoked on the Mail message. By default they are, but this can be turned off to help functional testing.|
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|+deliveries+|Keeps an array of all the emails sent out through the Action Mailer with delivery_method :test. Most useful for unit and functional testing.|
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