diff --git a/maven-resolver-impl/src/main/java/org/eclipse/aether/internal/impl/DefaultArtifactResolver.java b/maven-resolver-impl/src/main/java/org/eclipse/aether/internal/impl/DefaultArtifactResolver.java
index 6c614d923..86784f024 100644
--- a/maven-resolver-impl/src/main/java/org/eclipse/aether/internal/impl/DefaultArtifactResolver.java
+++ b/maven-resolver-impl/src/main/java/org/eclipse/aether/internal/impl/DefaultArtifactResolver.java
@@ -312,9 +312,10 @@ private List<ArtifactResult> resolve(
                             new LocalArtifactRequest(
                                     artifact, filteredRemoteRepositories, request.getRequestContext()));
                     result.setLocalArtifactResult(local);
-                    boolean found = (filter != null && local.isAvailable()) || isLocallyInstalled(local, versionResult);
-                    // with filtering it is availability that drives logic
-                    // without filtering it is simply presence of file that drives the logic
+                    boolean found = (filter != null && local.isAvailable())
+                            || (filter == null && isLocallyInstalled(local, versionResult));
+                    // with filtering: availability drives the logic
+                    // without filtering: simply presence of file drives the logic
                     // "interop" logic with simple LRM leads to RRF breakage: hence is ignored when filtering in effect
                     if (found) {
                         if (local.getRepository() != null) {
@@ -431,6 +432,18 @@ private List<ArtifactResult> resolve(
         }
     }
 
+    /**
+     * This is the method that checks local artifact result if no RRF being used. Unlike with RRF, where only
+     * {@link LocalArtifactResult#isAvailable()} is checked, here we perform multiple checks:
+     * <ul>
+     *     <li>if {@link LocalArtifactResult#isAvailable()} is {@code true}, return {@code true}</li>
+     *     <li>if {@link LocalArtifactResult#getRepository()} is instance of {@link LocalRepository}, return {@code true}</li>
+     *     <li>if {@link LocalArtifactResult#getRepository()} is {@code null} and request had zero remote repositories set, return {@code true}</li>
+     * </ul>
+     * Note: the third check is interfering with RRF, as RRF may make list of remote repositories empty,  that was
+     * originally non-empty, by eliminating remote repositories to consider.
+     * Hence, we may use this method ONLY if RRF is inactive.
+     */
     private boolean isLocallyInstalled(LocalArtifactResult lar, VersionResult vr) {
         if (lar.isAvailable()) {
             return true;
diff --git a/maven-resolver-impl/src/test/java/org/eclipse/aether/internal/impl/DefaultArtifactResolverTest.java b/maven-resolver-impl/src/test/java/org/eclipse/aether/internal/impl/DefaultArtifactResolverTest.java
index 0dc8a1509..3dfce4f39 100644
--- a/maven-resolver-impl/src/test/java/org/eclipse/aether/internal/impl/DefaultArtifactResolverTest.java
+++ b/maven-resolver-impl/src/test/java/org/eclipse/aether/internal/impl/DefaultArtifactResolverTest.java
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@
 import org.eclipse.aether.artifact.Artifact;
 import org.eclipse.aether.artifact.ArtifactProperties;
 import org.eclipse.aether.artifact.DefaultArtifact;
+import org.eclipse.aether.impl.RemoteRepositoryFilterManager;
 import org.eclipse.aether.impl.UpdateCheckManager;
 import org.eclipse.aether.impl.VersionResolver;
 import org.eclipse.aether.internal.impl.filter.DefaultRemoteRepositoryFilterManager;
@@ -62,6 +63,7 @@
 import org.eclipse.aether.resolution.VersionResult;
 import org.eclipse.aether.spi.connector.ArtifactDownload;
 import org.eclipse.aether.spi.connector.MetadataDownload;
+import org.eclipse.aether.spi.connector.filter.RemoteRepositoryFilter;
 import org.eclipse.aether.spi.connector.filter.RemoteRepositoryFilterSource;
 import org.eclipse.aether.spi.io.PathProcessorSupport;
 import org.eclipse.aether.transfer.ArtifactNotFoundException;
@@ -90,7 +92,7 @@ public class DefaultArtifactResolverTest {
 
     private HashMap<String, RemoteRepositoryFilterSource> remoteRepositoryFilterSources;
 
-    private DefaultRemoteRepositoryFilterManager remoteRepositoryFilterManager;
+    private RemoteRepositoryFilterManager remoteRepositoryFilterManager;
 
     @BeforeEach
     void setup() {
@@ -902,4 +904,102 @@ public VersionResult resolveVersion(RepositorySystemSession session, VersionRequ
         resolved = resolved.setFile(null);
         assertEquals(artifact, resolved);
     }
+
+    @Test
+    void testCachedButFilteredOut() throws ArtifactResolutionException {
+        remoteRepositoryFilterManager = new RemoteRepositoryFilterManager() {
+            @Override
+            public RemoteRepositoryFilter getRemoteRepositoryFilter(RepositorySystemSession session) {
+                return new RemoteRepositoryFilter() {
+                    @Override
+                    public Result acceptArtifact(RemoteRepository remoteRepository, Artifact artifact) {
+                        return new Result() {
+                            @Override
+                            public boolean isAccepted() {
+                                return false;
+                            }
+
+                            @Override
+                            public String reasoning() {
+                                return "REFUSED";
+                            }
+                        };
+                    }
+
+                    @Override
+                    public Result acceptMetadata(RemoteRepository remoteRepository, Metadata metadata) {
+                        return new Result() {
+                            @Override
+                            public boolean isAccepted() {
+                                return true;
+                            }
+
+                            @Override
+                            public String reasoning() {
+                                return "OK";
+                            }
+                        };
+                    }
+                };
+            }
+        };
+        session.setLocalRepositoryManager(new LocalRepositoryManager() {
+            public LocalRepository getRepository() {
+                return null;
+            }
+
+            public String getPathForRemoteMetadata(Metadata metadata, RemoteRepository repository, String context) {
+                return null;
+            }
+
+            public String getPathForRemoteArtifact(Artifact artifact, RemoteRepository repository, String context) {
+                return null;
+            }
+
+            public String getPathForLocalMetadata(Metadata metadata) {
+                return null;
+            }
+
+            public String getPathForLocalArtifact(Artifact artifact) {
+                return null;
+            }
+
+            public LocalArtifactResult find(RepositorySystemSession session, LocalArtifactRequest request) {
+                LocalArtifactResult result = new LocalArtifactResult(request);
+                result.setAvailable(false);
+                try {
+                    result.setFile(TestFileUtils.createTempFile(""));
+                } catch (IOException e) {
+                    e.printStackTrace();
+                }
+                return result;
+            }
+
+            public void add(RepositorySystemSession session, LocalArtifactRegistration request) {}
+
+            public LocalMetadataResult find(RepositorySystemSession session, LocalMetadataRequest request) {
+                LocalMetadataResult result = new LocalMetadataResult(request);
+                try {
+                    result.setFile(TestFileUtils.createTempFile(""));
+                } catch (IOException e) {
+                    e.printStackTrace();
+                }
+                return result;
+            }
+
+            public void add(RepositorySystemSession session, LocalMetadataRegistration request) {}
+        });
+
+        // rebuild resolver with our filter
+        resolver = setupArtifactResolver(new StubVersionResolver(), new StaticUpdateCheckManager(false));
+
+        ArtifactRequest request = new ArtifactRequest(artifact, null, "");
+        request.addRepository(new RemoteRepository.Builder("id", "default", "file:///").build());
+
+        // resolver should throw
+        ArtifactResolutionException ex =
+                assertThrows(ArtifactResolutionException.class, () -> resolver.resolveArtifact(session, request));
+        // message should contain present=true, available=false, filter message
+        assertTrue(ex.getMessage().contains("gid:aid:ext:ver (present, but unavailable): REFUSED"));
+    }
 }