[SPARK-29592][SQL] ALTER TABLE (set partition location) should look up catalog/table like v2 commands

### What changes were proposed in this pull request?

Update `AlterTableSetLocationStatement` to store `partitionSpec` and make `ALTER TABLE a.b.c PARTITION(...) SET LOCATION 'loc'` fail if `partitionSpec` is set with unsupported message.

### Why are the changes needed?

It's important to make all the commands have the same table resolution behavior, to avoid confusing end-users. e.g.

```
USE my_catalog
DESC t // success and describe the table t from my_catalog
ALTER TABLE t PARTITION(...) SET LOCATION 'loc' // report set location with partition spec is not supported.
```
### Does this PR introduce any user-facing change?

yes. When running ALTER TABLE (set partition location), Spark fails the command if the current catalog is set to a v2 catalog, or the table name specified a v2 catalog.

### How was this patch tested?

New unit tests

Closes #26304 from imback82/alter_table_partition_loc.

Authored-by: Terry Kim <yuminkim@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Wenchen Fan <wenchen@databricks.com>

Author: imback82

sql/catalyst/src/main/antlr4/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/parser/SqlBase.g4

@@ -168,8 +168,8 @@ statement
         DROP (IF EXISTS)? partitionSpec (',' partitionSpec)* PURGE?    #dropTablePartitions
     | ALTER VIEW tableIdentifier
         DROP (IF EXISTS)? partitionSpec (',' partitionSpec)*           #dropTablePartitions
-    | ALTER TABLE multipartIdentifier SET locationSpec                 #setTableLocation
-    | ALTER TABLE tableIdentifier partitionSpec SET locationSpec       #setPartitionLocation
+    | ALTER TABLE multipartIdentifier
+        (partitionSpec)? SET locationSpec                              #setTableLocation
     | ALTER TABLE multipartIdentifier RECOVER PARTITIONS               #recoverPartitions
     | DROP TABLE (IF EXISTS)? multipartIdentifier PURGE?               #dropTable
     | DROP VIEW (IF EXISTS)? multipartIdentifier                       #dropView

sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/analysis/ResolveCatalogs.scala

@@ -73,7 +73,11 @@ class ResolveCatalogs(val catalogManager: CatalogManager)
       createAlterTable(nameParts, catalog, tableName, changes)
 
     case AlterTableSetLocationStatement(
-         nameParts @ NonSessionCatalog(catalog, tableName), newLoc) =>
+         nameParts @ NonSessionCatalog(catalog, tableName), partitionSpec, newLoc) =>
+      if (partitionSpec.nonEmpty) {
+        throw new AnalysisException(
+          "ALTER TABLE SET LOCATION does not support partition for v2 tables.")
+      }
       val changes = Seq(TableChange.setProperty("location", newLoc))
       createAlterTable(nameParts, catalog, tableName, changes)
 

sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/parser/AstBuilder.scala

@@ -2727,6 +2727,7 @@ class AstBuilder(conf: SQLConf) extends SqlBaseBaseVisitor[AnyRef] with Logging
   override def visitSetTableLocation(ctx: SetTableLocationContext): LogicalPlan = withOrigin(ctx) {
     AlterTableSetLocationStatement(
       visitMultipartIdentifier(ctx.multipartIdentifier),
+      Option(ctx.partitionSpec).map(visitNonOptionalPartitionSpec),
       visitLocationSpec(ctx.locationSpec))
   }
 

sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/plans/logical/statements.scala

@@ -179,6 +179,7 @@ case class AlterTableUnsetPropertiesStatement(
  */
 case class AlterTableSetLocationStatement(
     tableName: Seq[String],
+    partitionSpec: Option[TablePartitionSpec],
     location: String) extends ParsedStatement
 
 /**

sql/catalyst/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/parser/DDLParserSuite.scala

@@ -540,10 +540,16 @@ class DDLParserSuite extends AnalysisTest {
   }
 
   test("alter table: set location") {
-    val sql1 = "ALTER TABLE table_name SET LOCATION 'new location'"
-    val parsed1 = parsePlan(sql1)
-    val expected1 = AlterTableSetLocationStatement(Seq("table_name"), "new location")
-    comparePlans(parsed1, expected1)
+    comparePlans(
+      parsePlan("ALTER TABLE a.b.c SET LOCATION 'new location'"),
+      AlterTableSetLocationStatement(Seq("a", "b", "c"), None, "new location"))
+
+    comparePlans(
+      parsePlan("ALTER TABLE a.b.c PARTITION(ds='2017-06-10') SET LOCATION 'new location'"),
+      AlterTableSetLocationStatement(
+        Seq("a", "b", "c"),
+        Some(Map("ds" -> "2017-06-10")),
+        "new location"))
   }
 
   test("alter table: rename column") {

sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/analysis/ResolveSessionCatalog.scala

@@ -118,11 +118,15 @@ class ResolveSessionCatalog(
       }
 
     case AlterTableSetLocationStatement(
-         nameParts @ SessionCatalog(catalog, tableName), newLoc) =>
+         nameParts @ SessionCatalog(catalog, tableName), partitionSpec, newLoc) =>
       loadTable(catalog, tableName.asIdentifier).collect {
         case v1Table: V1Table =>
-          AlterTableSetLocationCommand(tableName.asTableIdentifier, None, newLoc)
+          AlterTableSetLocationCommand(tableName.asTableIdentifier, partitionSpec, newLoc)
       }.getOrElse {
+        if (partitionSpec.nonEmpty) {
+          throw new AnalysisException(
+            "ALTER TABLE SET LOCATION does not support partition for v2 tables.")
+        }
         val changes = Seq(TableChange.setProperty("location", newLoc))
         createAlterTable(nameParts, catalog, tableName, changes)
       }

sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/SparkSqlParser.scala

@@ -502,22 +502,6 @@ class SparkSqlAstBuilder(conf: SQLConf) extends AstBuilder(conf) {
       retainData = false)
   }
 
-  /**
-   * Create an [[AlterTableSetLocationCommand]] command for a partition.
-   *
-   * For example:
-   * {{{
-   *   ALTER TABLE table PARTITION spec SET LOCATION "loc";
-   * }}}
-   */
-  override def visitSetPartitionLocation(
-      ctx: SetPartitionLocationContext): LogicalPlan = withOrigin(ctx) {
-    AlterTableSetLocationCommand(
-      visitTableIdentifier(ctx.tableIdentifier),
-      Some(visitNonOptionalPartitionSpec(ctx.partitionSpec)),
-      visitLocationSpec(ctx.locationSpec))
-  }
-
   /**
    * Create a [[AlterTableChangeColumnCommand]] command.
    *

sql/core/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/connector/AlterTableTests.scala

@@ -816,6 +816,19 @@ trait AlterTableTests extends SharedSparkSession {
     }
   }
 
+  test("AlterTable: set partition location") {
+    val t = s"${catalogAndNamespace}table_name"
+    withTable(t) {
+      sql(s"CREATE TABLE $t (id int) USING $v2Format")
+
+      val exc = intercept[AnalysisException] {
+        sql(s"ALTER TABLE $t PARTITION(ds='2017-06-10') SET LOCATION 's3://bucket/path'")
+      }
+      assert(exc.getMessage.contains(
+        "ALTER TABLE SET LOCATION does not support partition for v2 tables"))
+    }
+  }
+
   test("AlterTable: set table property") {
     val t = s"${catalogAndNamespace}table_name"
     withTable(t) {

sql/core/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/SQLViewSuite.scala

@@ -136,14 +136,21 @@ abstract class SQLViewSuite extends QueryTest with SQLTestUtils {
       assertNoSuchTable(s"ALTER TABLE $viewName SET SERDE 'whatever'")
       assertNoSuchTable(s"ALTER TABLE $viewName PARTITION (a=1, b=2) SET SERDE 'whatever'")
       assertNoSuchTable(s"ALTER TABLE $viewName SET SERDEPROPERTIES ('p' = 'an')")
-      assertNoSuchTable(s"ALTER TABLE $viewName PARTITION (a='4') SET LOCATION '/path/to/home'")
       assertNoSuchTable(s"ALTER TABLE $viewName ADD IF NOT EXISTS PARTITION (a='4', b='8')")
       assertNoSuchTable(s"ALTER TABLE $viewName DROP PARTITION (a='4', b='8')")
       assertNoSuchTable(s"ALTER TABLE $viewName PARTITION (a='4') RENAME TO PARTITION (a='5')")
       assertNoSuchTable(s"ALTER TABLE $viewName RECOVER PARTITIONS")
 
       // For v2 ALTER TABLE statements, we have better error message saying view is not supported.
-      assertViewNotSupported(s"ALTER TABLE $viewName SET LOCATION '/path/to/your/lovely/heart'")
+      assertAnalysisError(
+        s"ALTER TABLE $viewName SET LOCATION '/path/to/your/lovely/heart'",
+        s"'$viewName' is a view not a table")
+
+      // For the following v2 ALERT TABLE statements, unsupported operations are checked first
+      // before resolving the relations.
+      assertAnalysisError(
+        s"ALTER TABLE $viewName PARTITION (a='4') SET LOCATION '/path/to/home'",
+        "ALTER TABLE SET LOCATION does not support partition for v2 tables")
     }
   }
 
@@ -177,9 +184,9 @@ abstract class SQLViewSuite extends QueryTest with SQLTestUtils {
     }
   }
 
-  private def assertViewNotSupported(query: String): Unit = {
+  private def assertAnalysisError(query: String, message: String): Unit = {
     val e = intercept[AnalysisException](sql(query))
-    assert(e.message.contains("'testView' is a view not a table"))
+    assert(e.message.contains(message))
   }
 
   test("error handling: insert/load/truncate table commands against a view") {

sql/core/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/command/DDLParserSuite.scala

@@ -635,18 +635,6 @@ class DDLParserSuite extends AnalysisTest with SharedSparkSession {
         "SET FILEFORMAT PARQUET")
   }
 
-  test("alter table: set partition location") {
-    val sql2 = "ALTER TABLE table_name PARTITION (dt='2008-08-08', country='us') " +
-      "SET LOCATION 'new location'"
-    val parsed2 = parser.parsePlan(sql2)
-    val tableIdent = TableIdentifier("table_name", None)
-    val expected2 = AlterTableSetLocationCommand(
-      tableIdent,
-      Some(Map("dt" -> "2008-08-08", "country" -> "us")),
-      "new location")
-    comparePlans(parsed2, expected2)
-  }
-
   test("alter table: change column name/type/comment") {
     val sql1 = "ALTER TABLE table_name CHANGE COLUMN col_old_name col_new_name INT"
     val sql2 = "ALTER TABLE table_name CHANGE COLUMN col_name col_name INT COMMENT 'new_comment'"