[SPARK-48592][INFRA] Add scala style check for logging message inline variables

Author: asl3

scalastyle-config.xml

@@ -155,6 +155,14 @@ This file is divided into 3 sections:
     <customMessage><![CDATA[MDC should be used in string interpolation log"..." instead of s"..."]]></customMessage>
   </check>
 
+  <check customId="logInlineVariable" level="error" class="org.scalastyle.file.RegexChecker" enabled="true">
+    <parameters><parameter name="regex">log(?:Info|Warning|Error)\(s".*(\$|\+\s*[^\s"]).*"\)</parameter></parameters>
+    <customMessage>
+      Logging message should use log"..." instead of s"..." and variables should be wrapped in `MDC`s.
+      Refer to Structured Logging Framework guidelines in the file `internal/Logging.scala`.
+    </customMessage>
+  </check>
+
   <check customId="hadoopconfiguration" level="error" class="org.scalastyle.file.RegexChecker" enabled="true">
     <parameters><parameter name="regex">spark(.sqlContext)?.sparkContext.hadoopConfiguration</parameter></parameters>
     <customMessage><![CDATA[