[SPARK-24552][CORE][SQL][BRANCH-2.3] Use unique id instead of attempt number for writes .

This passes a unique attempt id instead of attempt number to v2
data sources and hadoop APIs, because attempt number is reused
when stages are retried. When attempt numbers are reused, sources
that track data by partition id and attempt number may incorrectly
clean up data because the same attempt number can be both committed
and aborted.

Author: Marcelo Vanzin <vanzin@cloudera.com>

Closes #21615 from vanzin/SPARK-24552-2.3.

Author: Marcelo Vanzin

core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/internal/io/SparkHadoopWriter.scala

@@ -76,13 +76,17 @@ object SparkHadoopWriter extends Logging {
     // Try to write all RDD partitions as a Hadoop OutputFormat.
     try {
       val ret = sparkContext.runJob(rdd, (context: TaskContext, iter: Iterator[(K, V)]) => {
+        // SPARK-24552: Generate a unique "attempt ID" based on the stage and task attempt numbers.
+        // Assumes that there won't be more than Short.MaxValue attempts, at least not concurrently.
+        val attemptId = (context.stageAttemptNumber << 16) | context.attemptNumber
+
         executeTask(
           context = context,
           config = config,
           jobTrackerId = jobTrackerId,
           commitJobId = commitJobId,
           sparkPartitionId = context.partitionId,
-          sparkAttemptNumber = context.attemptNumber,
+          sparkAttemptNumber = attemptId,
           committer = committer,
           iterator = iter)
       })

sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/datasources/v2/WriteToDataSourceV2.scala

@@ -123,7 +123,10 @@ object DataWritingSparkTask extends Logging {
       writeTask: DataWriterFactory[InternalRow],
       context: TaskContext,
       iter: Iterator[InternalRow]): WriterCommitMessage = {
-    val dataWriter = writeTask.createDataWriter(context.partitionId(), context.attemptNumber())
+    // SPARK-24552: Generate a unique "attempt ID" based on the stage and task attempt numbers.
+    // Assumes that there won't be more than Short.MaxValue attempts, at least not concurrently.
+    val attemptId = (context.stageAttemptNumber << 16) | context.attemptNumber
+    val dataWriter = writeTask.createDataWriter(context.partitionId(), attemptId)
 
     // write the data and commit this writer.
     Utils.tryWithSafeFinallyAndFailureCallbacks(block = {