feat: modernize packaging with pyproject.toml and uv

- Migrate package metadata from setup.py to pyproject.toml (PEP 621)
- Keep dynamic version reading from __init__.py for compatibility
- Use modern dependency-groups format (PEP 735) for dev dependencies
- Add uv for fast dependency management (10-100x faster than pip)
- Update all CI/CD workflows to use uv
- Add .python-version file for consistent Python version
- Update CONTRIBUTING.md with uv instructions
- Use modern build tool instead of setup.py commands
- Fix license format to use SPDX identifier

Benefits:
- Faster dependency installation and resolution with uv
- Modern Python packaging standards compliance
- Better dependency locking with uv.lock
- Simpler, more maintainable configuration
- Consistent Python version across environments

Author: taeold

.github/CONTRIBUTING.md

@@ -23,42 +23,50 @@ information on using pull requests.
 
 ## Setup local environment
 
-Clone the project and run the following commands to setup your environment 
+Clone the project and install [uv](https://github.com/astral-sh/uv) (our package manager):
 
 ```sh
-python3.11 -m venv venv
-source venv/bin/activate 
-pip3 install --upgrade pip 
-python3.11 -m pip install -e ".[dev]"
+# Install uv (if not already installed)
+curl -LsSf https://astral.sh/uv/install.sh | sh
+
+# Clone and setup the project
+git clone https://github.com/firebase/firebase-functions-python.git
+cd firebase-functions-python
+uv sync --dev
 ```
 
-(this also applies to setting up samples environment for each sample)
+This will automatically:
+- Create a virtual environment
+- Install all runtime and development dependencies
+- Use the Python version specified in `.python-version` (3.10)
+
+(For samples, you can use the same approach but run `uv sync` in each sample directory)
 
 ### Running tests
 
 Without coverage:
 ```bash
-python3.11 -m pytest
+uv run pytest
 ```
 
 With coverage:
 ```bash
-python3.11 -m pytest --cov=src --cov-report term --cov-report html --cov-report xml -vv
+uv run pytest --cov=src --cov-report term --cov-report html --cov-report xml -vv
 ```
 
 ### Formatting code
 
 ```bash
-python3.11 -m ruff format .
+uv run ruff format .
 ```
 
 ### Running lints & type checking
 
 ```bash
 # Type checking
-python3.11 -m mypy .
+uv run mypy .
 # Linting
-python3.11 -m ruff check .
+uv run ruff check .
 ```
 
 ### Generating Docs

.github/workflows/release.yaml

@@ -41,20 +41,23 @@ jobs:
       with:
         python-version: '3.10'
 
+    - name: Install uv
+      uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v3
+      with:
+        enable-cache: true
+
     - name: Install dependencies
       run: |
-        pip install --upgrade pip
-        python -m pip install -e ".[dev]"
+        uv sync --dev
 
     - name: Test with pytest & coverage
       run: |
-        python -m pytest --cov=src --cov-report term --cov-report html --cov-report xml -vv
+        uv run pytest --cov=src --cov-report term --cov-report html --cov-report xml -vv
 
     # Build the Python Wheel and the source distribution.
     - name: Package release artifacts
       run: |
-       python -m pip install setuptools wheel
-       python setup.py bdist_wheel sdist
+       uv run python -m build
 
     # Attach the packaged artifacts to the workflow output. These can be manually
     # downloaded for later inspection if necessary.