diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index c531fbd..d0e5a9b 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -871,6 +871,25 @@ For the "profile" relation the middleware function will be called with:
 }
 ```
 
+There is another case possible for selecting fields in Prisma. When including a model it is supported to use a select
+object to select fields from the included model. For example take the following query:
+
+```javascript
+const result = await client.user.findMany({
+  include: {
+    profile: {
+      select: {
+        bio: true,
+      },
+    },
+  },
+});
+```
+
+From v4 the "select" action is _not_ called for the "profile" relation. This is because it caused two different kinds
+of "select" action args, and it was not always possible to distinguish between them.
+See [Modifying Selected Fields](#modifying-selected-fields) for more information on how to handle selects.
+
 #### Select Results
 
 The `next` function for a `select` action resolves with the result of the `select` action. This is the same as the
@@ -1013,7 +1032,7 @@ client.$use(
 
     // createMany and upsert do not change
     [...]
-    
+
     // handle the "connectOrCreate" action
     if (params.action === "connectOrCreate") {
       if (!params.args.create.code) {
@@ -1027,6 +1046,115 @@ client.$use(
 );
 ```
 
+### Modifying Selected Fields
+
+When writing middleware that modifies the selected fields of a model you must handle all actions that can contain a
+select object, this includes:
+
+- `select`
+- `include`
+- `findMany`
+- `findFirst`
+- `findUnique`
+- `findFirstOrThrow`
+- `findUniqueOrThrow`
+- `create`
+- `update`
+- `upsert`
+- `delete`
+ 
+This is because the `select` action is only called for relations found _within_ a select object. For example take the
+following query:
+
+```javascript
+const result = await client.user.findMany({
+  include: {
+    comments: {
+      select: {
+        title: true,
+        replies: {
+          select: {
+            title: true,
+          },
+        },
+      },
+    },
+  },
+});
+```
+
+For the above query the middleware function will be called with the following for the replies relation:
+
+```javascript
+{
+  action: 'select',
+  model: 'Comment',
+  args: {
+    select: {
+      title: true,
+    },
+  },
+  scope: {...}
+}
+```
+
+and the following for the comments relation:
+
+```javascript
+{
+  action: 'include',
+  model: 'Comment',
+  args: {
+    select: {
+      title: true,
+      replies: {
+        select: {
+          title: true,
+        }
+      },
+    },
+  },
+  scope: {...}
+}
+```
+
+So if you wanted to ensure that the "id" field is always selected you could write the following middleware:
+
+```javascript
+client.$use(
+  createNestedMiddleware((params, next) => {
+    if ([
+    'select',
+    'include',
+    'findMany',
+    'findFirst',
+    'findUnique',
+    'findFirstOrThrow',
+    'findUniqueOrThrow',
+    'create',
+    'update',
+    'upsert',
+    'delete',
+    ].includes(params.action)) {
+      if (typeof params.args === 'object' && params.args !== null && params.args.select) {
+        return next({
+          ...params,
+          args: {
+            ...params.args,
+            select: {
+              ...params.args.select,
+              id: true,
+            },
+          },
+        });
+      }
+    }
+
+    return next(params)
+  })
+);
+```
+
 ### Modifying Where Params
 
 When writing middleware that modifies the where params of a query it is very important to first write the middleware as
@@ -1060,7 +1188,7 @@ client.$use(
           ...params.where,
           invisible: false,
         },
-      })
+      });
     }
 
     // pass params to next middleware
@@ -1082,7 +1210,7 @@ client.$use(
           ...params.args,
           invisible: false,
         },
-      })
+      });
     }
 
     // handle root actions
@@ -1101,7 +1229,7 @@ client.$use(
           ...params.where,
           invisible: false,
         },
-      })
+      });
     }
 
     // pass params to next middleware
diff --git a/src/lib/utils/extractNestedActions.ts b/src/lib/utils/extractNestedActions.ts
index 614d052..8ad3ec2 100644
--- a/src/lib/utils/extractNestedActions.ts
+++ b/src/lib/utils/extractNestedActions.ts
@@ -443,60 +443,6 @@ export function extractRelationReadActions(
           )
         );
       }
-
-      // push select nested in an include
-      if (action === "include" && arg.select) {
-        const nestedSelectActionInfo = {
-          params: {
-            model,
-            action: "select" as const,
-            args: arg.select,
-            runInTransaction,
-            dataPath: [],
-            scope: {
-              parentParams: readActionInfo.params,
-              relations: readActionInfo.params.scope.relations,
-            },
-          },
-          target: {
-            field: "include" as const,
-            action: "select" as const,
-            relationName: relation.name,
-            parentTarget,
-          },
-        };
-
-        nestedActions.push(nestedSelectActionInfo);
-
-        if (nestedSelectActionInfo.params.args?.where) {
-          const whereActionInfo = {
-            target: {
-              action: "where" as const,
-              relationName: relation.name,
-              readAction: "select" as const,
-              parentTarget: nestedSelectActionInfo.target,
-            },
-            params: {
-              model: nestedSelectActionInfo.params.model,
-              action: "where" as const,
-              args: nestedSelectActionInfo.params.args.where,
-              runInTransaction,
-              dataPath: [],
-              scope: {
-                parentParams: nestedSelectActionInfo.params,
-                relations: nestedSelectActionInfo.params.scope.relations,
-              },
-            },
-          };
-          nestedActions.push(whereActionInfo);
-          nestedActions.push(
-            ...extractRelationWhereActions(
-              whereActionInfo.params,
-              whereActionInfo.target
-            )
-          );
-        }
-      }
     });
   });
 
diff --git a/src/lib/utils/targets.ts b/src/lib/utils/targets.ts
index bb1d711..ca91e40 100644
--- a/src/lib/utils/targets.ts
+++ b/src/lib/utils/targets.ts
@@ -34,9 +34,7 @@ export function buildOperationsPath(
 }
 
 export function buildQueryTargetPath(target: QueryTarget): string[] {
-  const path = target.parentTarget
-    ? buildTargetPath(target.parentTarget)
-    : [];
+  const path = target.parentTarget ? buildTargetPath(target.parentTarget) : [];
 
   if (!target.relationName) {
     return [...path, target.action];
diff --git a/test/e2e/smoke.test.ts b/test/e2e/smoke.test.ts
index f9f942e..3b363b6 100644
--- a/test/e2e/smoke.test.ts
+++ b/test/e2e/smoke.test.ts
@@ -152,28 +152,28 @@ describe("smoke", () => {
     });
   });
 
-  describe('groupBy', () => {
+  describe("groupBy", () => {
     beforeAll(() => {
       testClient = new PrismaClient();
       testClient.$use(
         createNestedMiddleware((params, next) => {
-          if (params.action !== 'groupBy') {
-            throw new Error('expected groupBy action')
+          if (params.action !== "groupBy") {
+            throw new Error("expected groupBy action");
           }
           return next(params);
         })
       );
     });
 
-    it('calls middleware with groupBy action', async () => {
+    it("calls middleware with groupBy action", async () => {
       await expect(testClient.comment.findMany()).rejects.toThrowError(
-        'expected groupBy action'
+        "expected groupBy action"
       );
 
       const groupBy = await testClient.comment.groupBy({
-        by: ['authorId'],
+        by: ["authorId"],
         orderBy: {
-          authorId: 'asc',
+          authorId: "asc",
         },
       });
 
diff --git a/test/unit/actions.test.ts b/test/unit/actions.test.ts
index e5c77c6..2344945 100644
--- a/test/unit/actions.test.ts
+++ b/test/unit/actions.test.ts
@@ -3125,37 +3125,5 @@ describe("actions", () => {
         set(params, "args.data.profile", { delete: false })
       );
     });
-
-    it("replaces existing include with select changed to include", async () => {
-      const nestedMiddleware = createNestedMiddleware((params, next) => {
-        if (params.action === "select") {
-          return next({
-            ...params,
-            action: "include",
-          });
-        }
-
-        return next(params);
-      });
-
-      const next = jest.fn((_: any) => Promise.resolve(null));
-      const params = createParams("User", "findUnique", {
-        where: { id: faker.datatype.number() },
-        include: {
-          posts: {
-            select: { deleted: true },
-            include: { author: true },
-          },
-        },
-      });
-
-      await nestedMiddleware(params, next);
-
-      expect(next).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
-        set(params, "args.include.posts", {
-          include: { deleted: true },
-        })
-      );
-    });
   });
 });
diff --git a/test/unit/args.test.ts b/test/unit/args.test.ts
index 7ab7a09..b272a83 100644
--- a/test/unit/args.test.ts
+++ b/test/unit/args.test.ts
@@ -962,6 +962,54 @@ describe("params", () => {
     });
   });
 
+  it("allows middleware to modify select args nested in include select", async () => {
+    const nestedMiddleware = createNestedMiddleware((params, next) => {
+      if (params.action === "select" && params.model === "Comment") {
+        return next({
+          ...params,
+          args: {
+            where: { deleted: true },
+          },
+        });
+      }
+      return next(params);
+    });
+
+    const next = jest.fn((_: any) => Promise.resolve(null));
+    const params = createParams("User", "create", {
+      data: {
+        email: faker.internet.email(),
+      },
+      include: {
+        posts: {
+          select: {
+            comments: true,
+          },
+        },
+      },
+    });
+
+    await nestedMiddleware(params, next);
+
+    expect(next).toHaveBeenCalledWith({
+      ...params,
+      args: {
+        ...params.args,
+        include: {
+          posts: {
+            select: {
+              comments: {
+                where: {
+                  deleted: true,
+                },
+              },
+            },
+          },
+        },
+      },
+    });
+  });
+
   it("allows middleware to add data to nested createMany args", async () => {
     const nestedMiddleware = createNestedMiddleware((params, next) => {
       if (params.action === "createMany") {
diff --git a/test/unit/calls.test.ts b/test/unit/calls.test.ts
index df91710..1af98f0 100644
--- a/test/unit/calls.test.ts
+++ b/test/unit/calls.test.ts
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ describe("calls", () => {
       rootParams: createParams("User", "groupBy", {
         by: ["email"],
         orderBy: { email: "asc" },
-      })
+      }),
     },
     {
       description: "nested create in create",
@@ -2383,24 +2383,6 @@ describe("calls", () => {
             from: getModelRelation("Post", "author"),
           },
         },
-        {
-          action: "select",
-          model: "Post",
-          argsPath: "args.include.posts.select",
-          relations: {
-            to: getModelRelation("User", "posts"),
-            from: getModelRelation("Post", "author"),
-          },
-          scope: {
-            action: "include",
-            model: "Post",
-            argsPath: "args.include.posts",
-            relations: {
-              to: getModelRelation("User", "posts"),
-              from: getModelRelation("Post", "author"),
-            },
-          },
-        },
         {
           action: "select",
           model: "Comment",
@@ -2507,33 +2489,6 @@ describe("calls", () => {
             },
           },
         },
-        {
-          action: "select",
-          model: "Comment",
-          argsPath: "args.include.posts.include.comments.select",
-          relations: {
-            to: getModelRelation("Post", "comments"),
-            from: getModelRelation("Comment", "post"),
-          },
-          scope: {
-            action: "include",
-            model: "Comment",
-            argsPath: "args.include.posts.include.comments",
-            relations: {
-              to: getModelRelation("Post", "comments"),
-              from: getModelRelation("Comment", "post"),
-            },
-            scope: {
-              action: "include",
-              model: "Post",
-              argsPath: "args.include.posts",
-              relations: {
-                to: getModelRelation("User", "posts"),
-                from: getModelRelation("Post", "author"),
-              },
-            },
-          },
-        },
       ],
     },
     {
@@ -3637,24 +3592,6 @@ describe("calls", () => {
             from: getModelRelation("Post", "author"),
           },
         },
-        {
-          action: "select",
-          model: "Post",
-          argsPath: "args.include.posts.select",
-          relations: {
-            to: getModelRelation("User", "posts"),
-            from: getModelRelation("Post", "author"),
-          },
-          scope: {
-            action: "include",
-            model: "Post",
-            argsPath: "args.include.posts",
-            relations: {
-              to: getModelRelation("User", "posts"),
-              from: getModelRelation("Post", "author"),
-            },
-          },
-        },
         {
           action: "select",
           model: "Comment",