To go from incomprehension to half-understanding to complete understanding is an exciting and inspiring journey of discovery worthy of the spirit of a mature person.
http://paulgraham.com/safe.html for the emphasis on [hyperlinear] growth rate
http://lesswrong.com/lw/jyg/outline_summary_the_procrastination_equation/
http://lesswrong.com/lw/3w3/how_to_beat_procrastination/ https://docs.google.com/document/d/1aDGNKzOW0uHJ8T33w0dPOmQx67mcXNNHHK5qa2EoywI/edit https://docs.google.com/document/d/15HOaUPe4-t-xz__CdTqiTzHCAat-MTRljNguSPcb4AY/edit https://docs.google.com/document/d/1AJjuy-_8Y3QcaGRQY9LVaECtoI_auJpijL26llhBhMc/edit
http://lesswrong.com/lw/2vb/vanity_and_ambition_in_mathematics/
https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=10820483
Chronobiology -- GET YOUR SLEEP
http://www.supermemo.com/articles/sleep.htm [can skip to summary or algorithm if short on time]
Chronotherapy / Reset Your Inner Clock by Michael Terman & Ian McMahan
For fun, read Internal Time by Till Roenneberg
https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=10826344 https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=10845056
http://cogsci.stackexchange.com/questions/4514/what-is-the-most-effective-maximum-work-duration-per-day http://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10000872396390444180004578018294057070544 https://www.quora.com/What-time-of-day-is-best-for-cognitive-work-creative-work-and-other-types-of-work https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=5173398 Littlewood https://books.google.com/books?id=MjVgeT7Laf8C&pg=PA197&lpg=PA197&dq=four+hours+littlewood&source=bl&ots=ov_aq-LKL-&sig=fHBJddj5TiOqAVwDCluNAHm8Onk&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CCcQ6AEwAmoVChMIyeD-nJ7VyAIVQtYeCh3e4wYG#v=onepage&q=four%20hours%20littlewood&f=false https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=10841761
https://medium.com/life-learning/how-to-learn-5c6c815051#.y025p4lb9
Growth? http://slatestarcodex.com/2015/04/08/no-clarity-around-growth-mindset-yet/
Mathematical Mindsets YouCubed
https://www.quora.com/How-do-top-students-study
http://www.sciencealert.com/this-simple-tip-to-learn-maths-equations-actually-works http://www.sciencealert.com/scientists-have-found-a-technique-that-helps-you-learn-new-skills-twice-as-fast http://www.cell.com/cms/attachment/2045379445/2056784269/mmc2.pdf
Mathematical Problem Solving http://www-personal.umich.edu/~jjonides/pdf/2008_2.pdf
Arithmetic for Parents, by Ron Aharoni
The Mathematics Language, by J.B. Thoo
http://ms.yccd.edu/Data/Sites/1/userfiles/facstaff/jthoo/cvandpubs/books/prealg.pdf
Unified Modern Mathematics - Course 1-3 (of 6) are public domain http://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED046771
Elements of Mathematics Course, an updated offshoot www.elementsofmathematics.com
Exeter Math Problem Sets
http://www.exeter.edu/academics/72_6539.aspx
http://graphicallinearalgebra.net/
Thinking Mathematically Mason et al Discovering Mathematics: The Art of Investigation How to Solve Problems: New Methods and Ideas