Core,Open-API: Don't expose the last-column-id

aws/src/test/java/org/apache/iceberg/aws/glue/TestIcebergToGlueConverter.java

@@ -238,7 +238,7 @@ public void testSetTableInputInformationWithRemovedColumns() {
 
     Schema newSchema =
         new Schema(Types.NestedField.required(1, "x", Types.StringType.get(), "comment1"));
-    tableMetadata = tableMetadata.updateSchema(newSchema, 3);
+    tableMetadata = tableMetadata.updateSchema(newSchema);
     IcebergToGlueConverter.setTableInputInformation(actualTableInputBuilder, tableMetadata);
     TableInput actualTableInput = actualTableInputBuilder.build();
 

core/src/main/java/org/apache/iceberg/MetadataUpdate.java

@@ -86,6 +86,16 @@ class AddSchema implements MetadataUpdate {
     private final Schema schema;
     private final int lastColumnId;
 
+    public AddSchema(Schema schema) {
+      this(schema, schema.highestFieldId());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Set the schema
+     *
+     * @deprecated since 1.8.0, will be removed 1.9.0 or 2.0.0, use AddSchema(schema).
+     */
+    @Deprecated
     public AddSchema(Schema schema, int lastColumnId) {
       this.schema = schema;
       this.lastColumnId = lastColumnId;

core/src/main/java/org/apache/iceberg/SchemaUpdate.java

@@ -444,7 +444,7 @@ public Schema apply() {
 
   @Override
   public void commit() {
-    TableMetadata update = applyChangesToMetadata(base.updateSchema(apply(), lastColumnId));
+    TableMetadata update = applyChangesToMetadata(base.updateSchema(apply()));
     ops.commit(base, update);
   }
 

core/src/main/java/org/apache/iceberg/TableMetadata.java

@@ -562,10 +562,23 @@ public TableMetadata withUUID() {
     return new Builder(this).assignUUID().build();
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Updates the schema
+   *
+   * @deprecated since 1.8.0, will be removed in 1.9.0 or 2.0.0, use updateSchema(schema).
+   */
+  @Deprecated
   public TableMetadata updateSchema(Schema newSchema, int newLastColumnId) {
     return new Builder(this).setCurrentSchema(newSchema, newLastColumnId).build();
   }
 
+  /** Updates the schema */
+  public TableMetadata updateSchema(Schema newSchema) {
+    return new Builder(this)
+        .setCurrentSchema(newSchema, Math.max(this.lastColumnId, newSchema.highestFieldId()))
+        .build();
+  }
+
   // The caller is responsible to pass a newPartitionSpec with correct partition field IDs
   public TableMetadata updatePartitionSpec(PartitionSpec newPartitionSpec) {
     return new Builder(this).setDefaultPartitionSpec(newPartitionSpec).build();
@@ -1081,8 +1094,18 @@ public Builder setCurrentSchema(int schemaId) {
       return this;
     }
 
+    public Builder addSchema(Schema schema) {
+      addSchemaInternal(schema, Math.max(lastColumnId, schema.highestFieldId()));
+      return this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Add a new schema.
+     *
+     * @deprecated since 1.8.0, will be removed in 1.9.0 or 2.0.0, use AddSchema(schema).
+     */
+    @Deprecated
     public Builder addSchema(Schema schema, int newLastColumnId) {
-      // TODO: remove requirement for newLastColumnId
       addSchemaInternal(schema, newLastColumnId);
       return this;
     }

core/src/main/java/org/apache/iceberg/rest/RESTSessionCatalog.java

@@ -954,7 +954,7 @@ private static List<MetadataUpdate> createChanges(TableMetadata meta) {
     changes.add(new MetadataUpdate.UpgradeFormatVersion(meta.formatVersion()));
 
     Schema schema = meta.schema();
-    changes.add(new MetadataUpdate.AddSchema(schema, schema.highestFieldId()));
+    changes.add(new MetadataUpdate.AddSchema(schema));
     changes.add(new MetadataUpdate.SetCurrentSchema(-1));
 
     PartitionSpec spec = meta.spec();

core/src/main/java/org/apache/iceberg/view/ViewMetadata.java

@@ -372,20 +372,15 @@ private int addSchemaInternal(Schema schema) {
         newSchema = schema;
       }
 
-      int highestFieldId = Math.max(highestFieldId(), newSchema.highestFieldId());
       schemas.add(newSchema);
       schemasById.put(newSchema.schemaId(), newSchema);
-      changes.add(new MetadataUpdate.AddSchema(newSchema, highestFieldId));
+      changes.add(new MetadataUpdate.AddSchema(newSchema));
 
       this.lastAddedSchemaId = newSchemaId;
 
       return newSchemaId;
     }
 
-    private int highestFieldId() {
-      return schemas.stream().map(Schema::highestFieldId).max(Integer::compareTo).orElse(0);
-    }
-
     private int reuseOrCreateNewSchemaId(Schema newSchema) {
       // if the schema already exists, use its id; otherwise use the highest id + 1
       int newSchemaId = INITIAL_SCHEMA_ID;

core/src/test/java/org/apache/iceberg/TestMetadataUpdateParser.java

@@ -112,23 +112,9 @@ public void testUpgradeFormatVersionFromJson() {
   public void testAddSchemaFromJson() {
     String action = MetadataUpdateParser.ADD_SCHEMA;
     Schema schema = ID_DATA_SCHEMA;
-    int lastColumnId = schema.highestFieldId();
-    String json =
-        String.format(
-            "{\"action\":\"add-schema\",\"schema\":%s,\"last-column-id\":%d}",
-            SchemaParser.toJson(schema), lastColumnId);
-    MetadataUpdate actualUpdate = new MetadataUpdate.AddSchema(schema, lastColumnId);
-    assertEquals(action, actualUpdate, MetadataUpdateParser.fromJson(json));
-  }
-
-  @Test
-  public void testAddSchemaFromJsonWithoutLastColumnId() {
-    String action = MetadataUpdateParser.ADD_SCHEMA;
-    Schema schema = ID_DATA_SCHEMA;
-    int lastColumnId = schema.highestFieldId();
     String json =
         String.format("{\"action\":\"add-schema\",\"schema\":%s}", SchemaParser.toJson(schema));
-    MetadataUpdate actualUpdate = new MetadataUpdate.AddSchema(schema, lastColumnId);
+    MetadataUpdate actualUpdate = new MetadataUpdate.AddSchema(schema);
     assertEquals(action, actualUpdate, MetadataUpdateParser.fromJson(json));
   }
 
@@ -140,7 +126,7 @@ public void testAddSchemaToJson() {
         String.format(
             "{\"action\":\"add-schema\",\"schema\":%s,\"last-column-id\":%d}",
             SchemaParser.toJson(schema), lastColumnId);
-    MetadataUpdate update = new MetadataUpdate.AddSchema(schema, lastColumnId);
+    MetadataUpdate update = new MetadataUpdate.AddSchema(schema);
     String actual = MetadataUpdateParser.toJson(update);
     assertThat(actual)
         .as("Add schema should convert to the correct JSON value")

core/src/test/java/org/apache/iceberg/TestTableMetadata.java

@@ -1369,7 +1369,7 @@ public void testUpdateSchemaIdentifierFields() {
         new Schema(
             Lists.newArrayList(Types.NestedField.required(1, "x", Types.StringType.get())),
             Sets.newHashSet(1));
-    TableMetadata newMeta = meta.updateSchema(newSchema, 1);
+    TableMetadata newMeta = meta.updateSchema(newSchema);
     assertThat(newMeta.schemas()).hasSize(2);
     assertThat(newMeta.schema().identifierFieldIds()).containsExactly(1);
   }
@@ -1391,7 +1391,7 @@ public void testUpdateSchema() {
         new Schema(
             Types.NestedField.required(1, "y", Types.LongType.get(), "comment"),
             Types.NestedField.required(2, "x", Types.StringType.get()));
-    TableMetadata twoSchemasTable = freshTable.updateSchema(schema2, 2);
+    TableMetadata twoSchemasTable = freshTable.updateSchema(schema2);
     assertThat(twoSchemasTable.currentSchemaId()).isEqualTo(1);
     assertSameSchemaList(
         ImmutableList.of(schema, new Schema(1, schema2.columns())), twoSchemasTable.schemas());
@@ -1403,34 +1403,34 @@ public void testUpdateSchema() {
         new Schema(
             Types.NestedField.required(1, "y", Types.LongType.get(), "comment"),
             Types.NestedField.required(2, "x", Types.StringType.get()));
-    TableMetadata sameSchemaTable = twoSchemasTable.updateSchema(sameSchema2, 2);
+    TableMetadata sameSchemaTable = twoSchemasTable.updateSchema(sameSchema2);
     assertThat(sameSchemaTable).isSameAs(twoSchemasTable);
 
     // update schema with the same schema and different last column ID as current should create
     // a new table
-    TableMetadata differentColumnIdTable = sameSchemaTable.updateSchema(sameSchema2, 3);
+    TableMetadata differentColumnIdTable = sameSchemaTable.updateSchema(sameSchema2);
     assertThat(differentColumnIdTable.currentSchemaId()).isEqualTo(1);
     assertSameSchemaList(
         ImmutableList.of(schema, new Schema(1, schema2.columns())),
         differentColumnIdTable.schemas());
     assertThat(differentColumnIdTable.schema().asStruct()).isEqualTo(schema2.asStruct());
-    assertThat(differentColumnIdTable.lastColumnId()).isEqualTo(3);
+    assertThat(differentColumnIdTable.lastColumnId()).isEqualTo(2);
 
     // update schema with old schema does not change schemas
-    TableMetadata revertSchemaTable = differentColumnIdTable.updateSchema(schema, 3);
+    TableMetadata revertSchemaTable = differentColumnIdTable.updateSchema(schema);
     assertThat(revertSchemaTable.currentSchemaId()).isEqualTo(0);
     assertSameSchemaList(
         ImmutableList.of(schema, new Schema(1, schema2.columns())), revertSchemaTable.schemas());
     assertThat(revertSchemaTable.schema().asStruct()).isEqualTo(schema.asStruct());
-    assertThat(revertSchemaTable.lastColumnId()).isEqualTo(3);
+    assertThat(revertSchemaTable.lastColumnId()).isEqualTo(2);
 
     // create new schema will use the largest schema id + 1
     Schema schema3 =
         new Schema(
             Types.NestedField.required(2, "y", Types.LongType.get(), "comment"),
             Types.NestedField.required(4, "x", Types.StringType.get()),
             Types.NestedField.required(6, "z", Types.IntegerType.get()));
-    TableMetadata threeSchemaTable = revertSchemaTable.updateSchema(schema3, 6);
+    TableMetadata threeSchemaTable = revertSchemaTable.updateSchema(schema3);
     assertThat(threeSchemaTable.currentSchemaId()).isEqualTo(2);
     assertSameSchemaList(
         ImmutableList.of(

core/src/test/java/org/apache/iceberg/TestUpdateRequirements.java

@@ -223,9 +223,9 @@ public void addSchema() {
         UpdateRequirements.forUpdateTable(
             metadata,
             ImmutableList.of(
-                new MetadataUpdate.AddSchema(new Schema(), lastColumnId),
-                new MetadataUpdate.AddSchema(new Schema(), lastColumnId + 1),
-                new MetadataUpdate.AddSchema(new Schema(), lastColumnId + 2)));
+                new MetadataUpdate.AddSchema(new Schema()),
+                new MetadataUpdate.AddSchema(new Schema()),
+                new MetadataUpdate.AddSchema(new Schema())));
     requirements.forEach(req -> req.validate(metadata));
 
     assertThat(requirements)
@@ -253,9 +253,9 @@ public void addSchemaFailure() {
         UpdateRequirements.forUpdateTable(
             metadata,
             ImmutableList.of(
-                new MetadataUpdate.AddSchema(new Schema(), 1),
-                new MetadataUpdate.AddSchema(new Schema(), 2),
-                new MetadataUpdate.AddSchema(new Schema(), 3)));
+                new MetadataUpdate.AddSchema(new Schema()),
+                new MetadataUpdate.AddSchema(new Schema()),
+                new MetadataUpdate.AddSchema(new Schema())));
 
     assertThatThrownBy(() -> requirements.forEach(req -> req.validate(updated)))
         .isInstanceOf(CommitFailedException.class)
@@ -269,9 +269,9 @@ public void addSchemaForView() {
         UpdateRequirements.forReplaceView(
             viewMetadata,
             ImmutableList.of(
-                new MetadataUpdate.AddSchema(new Schema(), lastColumnId),
-                new MetadataUpdate.AddSchema(new Schema(), lastColumnId + 1),
-                new MetadataUpdate.AddSchema(new Schema(), lastColumnId + 2)));
+                new MetadataUpdate.AddSchema(new Schema()),
+                new MetadataUpdate.AddSchema(new Schema()),
+                new MetadataUpdate.AddSchema(new Schema())));
     requirements.forEach(req -> req.validate(viewMetadata));
 
     assertThat(requirements)

open-api/rest-catalog-open-api.py

@@ -1152,7 +1152,7 @@ class AddSchemaUpdate(BaseUpdate):
     last_column_id: Optional[int] = Field(
         None,
         alias='last-column-id',
-        description='The highest assigned column ID for the table. This is used to ensure columns are always assigned an unused ID when evolving schemas. When omitted, it will be computed on the server side.',
+        description="This optional field is **DEPRECATED for REMOVAL** since it more safe to handle this internally, and shouldn't be exposed to the clients.\nThe highest assigned column ID for the table. This is used to ensure columns are always assigned an unused ID when evolving schemas. When omitted, it will be computed on the server side.",
     )
 
 

open-api/rest-catalog-open-api.yaml

@@ -2692,7 +2692,13 @@ components:
           $ref: '#/components/schemas/Schema'
         last-column-id:
           type: integer
-          description: The highest assigned column ID for the table. This is used to ensure columns are always assigned an unused ID when evolving schemas. When omitted, it will be computed on the server side.
+          deprecated: true
+          description:
+            This optional field is **DEPRECATED for REMOVAL** since it more safe to handle this internally,
+            and shouldn't be exposed to the clients.
+
+            The highest assigned column ID for the table. This is used to ensure columns are always
+            assigned an unused ID when evolving schemas. When omitted, it will be computed on the server side.
 
     SetCurrentSchemaUpdate:
       allOf:

spark/v3.5/spark/src/test/java/org/apache/iceberg/spark/source/TestSparkMetadataColumns.java

@@ -189,10 +189,7 @@ public void testPartitionMetadataColumnWithManyColumns() {
 
     TableOperations ops = ((HasTableOperations) table).operations();
     TableMetadata base = ops.current();
-    ops.commit(
-        base,
-        base.updateSchema(manyColumnsSchema, manyColumnsSchema.highestFieldId())
-            .updatePartitionSpec(spec));
+    ops.commit(base, base.updateSchema(manyColumnsSchema).updatePartitionSpec(spec));
 
     Dataset<Row> df =
         spark

spark/v3.5/spark/src/test/java/org/apache/iceberg/spark/source/TestSparkReadProjection.java

@@ -152,8 +152,7 @@ protected Record writeAndRead(String desc, Schema writeSchema, Schema readSchema
       Schema expectedSchema = reassignIds(readSchema, idMapping);
 
       // Set the schema to the expected schema directly to simulate the table schema evolving
-      TestTables.replaceMetadata(
-          desc, TestTables.readMetadata(desc).updateSchema(expectedSchema, 100));
+      TestTables.replaceMetadata(desc, TestTables.readMetadata(desc).updateSchema(expectedSchema));
 
       Dataset<Row> df =
           spark