[CT-2419] Ensure process_refs is called for nodes referring to versioned models

[gshank]

If a node refs a versioned model but does not specify a version, the ref will use the latest version. But if a new latest version is added to the ref'd model and nothing changes in the model with the ref, the depends_on unique_id will not be updated.

Create a test case for this situation and update the code in core/dbt/parser/manifest.py "process_refs". We could check for refs to versioned models or just process all refs (not just models with an updated "created_at" timestamp. Processing refs is pretty fast, though it might be useful to compare the time it takes to do it both ways.

[gshank]

I think this may not actually be a real problem, since referencing nodes are scheduled for re-parsing.

[MichelleArk]

reproduction case:

---models/schema.yml
models:
  - name: my_model
    latest_version: 0
    versions:
      - v: 1
      - v: 0

---models/depends_on_version.sql
SELECT * FROM {{ ref('my_model') }}

1. initial run, without partial parsing - depends on v0 (latest) as expected

dbt --no-partial-parse --quiet ls --select depends_on_version --output json --output-keys unique_id depends_on
{"unique_id": "model.jaffle_shop.depends_on_version", "depends_on": {"macros": [], "nodes": ["model.jaffle_shop.my_model.v0"]}}

2. updating latest_version to 1 in schema.yml + subsequent runs with partial parsing - does not depend on v1 (latest) as expected

dbt --quiet ls --select depends_on_version --output json --output-keys unique_id depends_on
{"unique_id": "model.jaffle_shop.depends_on_version", "depends_on": {"macros": [], "nodes": ["model.jaffle_shop.my_model.v0"]}}

3. proceeding to run depends_on_version leads to:

dbt run --select depends_on_version
23:36:59  Running with dbt=1.6.0-a1
23:37:00  Found 3 models, 0 tests, 0 snapshots, 0 analyses, 552 macros, 0 operations, 0 seed files, 0 sources, 0 exposures, 0 metrics, 0 groups
23:37:00  
23:37:02  Concurrency: 1 threads (target='dev')
23:37:02  
23:37:02  1 of 1 START sql view model dbt_marky.depends_on_version ....................... [RUN]
23:37:02  1 of 1 ERROR creating sql view model dbt_marky.depends_on_version .............. [ERROR in 0.02s]
23:37:02  
23:37:02  Finished running 1 view model in 0 hours 0 minutes and 1.85 seconds (1.85s).
23:37:02  
23:37:02  Completed with 1 error and 0 warnings:
23:37:02  
23:37:02  Compilation Error in model depends_on_version (models2/depends_on_version.sql)
23:37:02    dbt was unable to infer all dependencies for the model "depends_on_version".
23:37:02    This typically happens when ref() is placed within a conditional block.
23:37:02    
23:37:02    To fix this, add the following hint to the top of the model "depends_on_version":
23:37:02    
23:37:02    -- depends_on: {{ ref('my_model') }}
23:37:02  
23:37:02  Done. PASS=0 WARN=0 ERROR=1 SKIP=0 TOTAL=1