[Browser] Add mono_wasm_get_icudt_name API

[EgorBo]

Motivation: dotnet/aspnetcore#25521 (comment)

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[safern]

Why not store the name here: https://github.com/dotnet/runtime/blob/master/src/mono/wasm/runtime/library_mono.js#L1227 and return that directly from the JS instead of having to do the complication of checking the culture combinations?

[EgorBo]

Why not store the name here: https://github.com/dotnet/runtime/blob/master/src/mono/wasm/runtime/library_mono.js#L1227 and return that directly from the JS instead of having to do the complication of checking the culture combinations?

JS is not the only possible front-end to use static-ICU

[safern]

I see, makes sense. Thanks.

[marek-safar]

/backport to release/5.0-rc2

[lewing]

Given the timing looks ok. In the future I think it would make sense to include a configuration file in the icu build that could be used to generate the lookup logic.

[github-actions]

Started backporting to release/5.0-rc2: https://github.com/dotnet/runtime/actions/runs/238102956