Refactor: Wrap primitive types in descriptive domain wrappers for wal…

[algsoch]

Issue #1005: Wrap Primitive Types in API - Implementation Summary

Overview

This PR addresses Issue #1005 by replacing primitive types (String, Int, Boolean, Long) with descriptive domain-specific wrapper types in the communication between the API layer and core wallet logic.

Changes Made

1. New Domain Types (WalletTypes.scala)

Created comprehensive type wrappers in org.ergoplatform.nodeView.wallet.WalletTypes:

Password & Mnemonic Types:

• WalletPassword: Wraps SecretString for wallet encryption password
• MnemonicPassword: Wraps SecretString for BIP-39 passphrase
• WalletMnemonic: Wraps SecretString for recovery phrase
• DerivationPathString: Wraps String for BIP-32 derivation paths

Numeric Parameters:

• ScanIdentifier: Wraps Int for wallet scan IDs (with validation ≥ 0)
• MinInclusionHeight: Wraps Int for minimum blockchain height (validated)
• MaxInclusionHeight: Wraps Int for maximum blockchain height (validated)
• MinConfirmations: Wraps Int for minimum confirmations (validated)
• MaxConfirmations: Wraps Int for maximum confirmations (validated)
• BoxIndex: Wraps Int for box/key indices (validated)
• TargetBalance: Wraps Long for target balance in nanoERG (validated)

Boolean Flags:

• UsePre1627KeyDerivation: Wraps Boolean for legacy key derivation flag
• UnspentOnly: Wraps Boolean for unspent boxes filter
• ConsiderUnconfirmed: Wraps Boolean for mempool consideration flag
• IncludeUnconfirmed: Wraps Boolean for unconfirmed transactions flag
• SignTransaction: Wraps Boolean for transaction signing flag

All types use AnyVal for zero runtime overhead and include appropriate validation.

2. Updated Message Definitions (ErgoWalletActorMessages.scala)

Replaced primitive types in wallet actor messages:

Before:

case class InitWallet(walletPass: SecretString, mnemonicPassOpt: Option[SecretString])
case class RestoreWallet(mnemonic: SecretString, mnemonicPassOpt: Option[SecretString], 
                         walletPass: SecretString, usePre1627KeyDerivation: Boolean)
case class UnlockWallet(walletPass: SecretString)
case class DeriveKey(path: String)
case class ReadPublicKeys(from: Int, until: Int)
case class GetWalletBoxes(unspentOnly: Boolean, considerUnconfirmed: Boolean)
case class CollectWalletBoxes(targetBalance: Long, targetAssets: Map[ErgoBox.TokenId, Long])
case class GetScanTransactions(scanId: ScanId, includeUnconfirmed: Boolean)
case class GetScanUnspentBoxes(scanId: ScanId, considerUnconfirmed: Boolean, minHeight: Int, maxHeight: Int)
case class GenerateTransaction(..., sign: Boolean)

After:

case class InitWallet(walletPass: WalletPassword, mnemonicPassOpt: Option[MnemonicPassword])
case class RestoreWallet(mnemonic: WalletMnemonic, mnemonicPassOpt: Option[MnemonicPassword], 
                         walletPass: WalletPassword, usePre1627KeyDerivation: UsePre1627KeyDerivation)
case class UnlockWallet(walletPass: WalletPassword)
case class DeriveKey(path: DerivationPathString)
case class ReadPublicKeys(from: BoxIndex, until: BoxIndex)
case class GetWalletBoxes(unspentOnly: UnspentOnly, considerUnconfirmed: ConsiderUnconfirmed)
case class CollectWalletBoxes(targetBalance: TargetBalance, targetAssets: Map[ErgoBox.TokenId, Long])
case class GetScanTransactions(scanId: ScanId, includeUnconfirmed: IncludeUnconfirmed)
case class GetScanUnspentBoxes(scanId: ScanId, considerUnconfirmed: ConsiderUnconfirmed, 
                                minHeight: MinInclusionHeight, maxHeight: MaxInclusionHeight)
case class GenerateTransaction(..., sign: SignTransaction)

3. Updated Wallet Reader Interface (ErgoWalletReader.scala)

Updated method signatures to use wrapped types:

Before:

Screen.Recording.2025-12-14.at.8.14.33.AM.mov

def initWallet(pass: SecretString, mnemonicPassOpt: Option[SecretString]): Future[Try[SecretString]]
def restoreWallet(encryptionPass: SecretString, mnemonic: SecretString,
                  mnemonicPassOpt: Option[SecretString], usePre1627KeyDerivation: Boolean): Future[Try[Unit]]
def unlockWallet(pass: SecretString): Future[Try[Unit]]
def deriveKey(path: String): Future[Try[P2PKAddress]]
def publicKeys(from: Int, to: Int): Future[Seq[P2PKAddress]]

After:

Screen.Recording.2025-12-14.at.5.02.04.AM.mov

def initWallet(pass: WalletPassword, mnemonicPassOpt: Option[MnemonicPassword]): Future[Try[SecretString]]
def restoreWallet(encryptionPass: WalletPassword, mnemonic: WalletMnemonic,
                  mnemonicPassOpt: Option[MnemonicPassword], 
                  usePre1627KeyDerivation: UsePre1627KeyDerivation): Future[Try[Unit]]
def unlockWallet(pass: WalletPassword): Future[Try[Unit]]
def deriveKey(path: DerivationPathString): Future[Try[P2PKAddress]]
def publicKeys(from: BoxIndex, to: BoxIndex): Future[Seq[P2PKAddress]]

4. Updated Wallet Service Trait & Implementation (ErgoWalletService.scala)

Updated trait definitions and implementations:

Trait Updates:

def initWallet(state: ErgoWalletState, settings: ErgoSettings,
               walletPass: WalletPassword, mnemonicPassOpt: Option[MnemonicPassword]): Try[(SecretString, ErgoWalletState)]

def restoreWallet(state: ErgoWalletState, settings: ErgoSettings,
                  mnemonic: WalletMnemonic, mnemonicPassOpt: Option[MnemonicPassword],
                  walletPass: WalletPassword, usePre1627KeyDerivation: UsePre1627KeyDerivation): Try[ErgoWalletState]

def unlockWallet(state: ErgoWalletState, walletPass: WalletPassword, usePreEip3Derivation: Boolean): Try[ErgoWalletState]

Implementation Updates:

• Unwrap wrapped types using .value accessor when calling lower-level APIs
• Maintains backward compatibility with underlying storage layer

5. Updated API Routes (WalletApiRoute.scala)

Updated HTTP API routes to wrap/unwrap types at the API boundary:

Before:

def initWalletR: Route = (path("init") & post & initRequest) {
  case (pass, mnemonicPassOpt) =>
    withWalletOp(_.initWallet(SecretString.create(pass), mnemonicPassOpt.map(SecretString.create(_))))
}

def addressesR: Route = (path("addresses") & get) {
  withWallet(_.publicKeys(0, Int.MaxValue))
}

After:

def initWalletR: Route = (path("init") & post & initRequest) {
  case (pass, mnemonicPassOpt) =>
    withWalletOp(_.initWallet(
      WalletPassword(SecretString.create(pass)), 
      mnemonicPassOpt.map(s => MnemonicPassword(SecretString.create(s)))
    ))
}

def addressesR: Route = (path("addresses") & get) {
  withWallet(_.publicKeys(BoxIndex(0), BoxIndex(Int.MaxValue)))
}

Benefits

1. Type Safety

• Prevents accidentally mixing up different string/int parameters
• Compiler catches type mismatches at compile time

2. Self-Documenting Code

• Method signatures now clearly indicate what each parameter represents
• Example: WalletPassword vs MnemonicPassword instead of two SecretString parameters

3. Validation

• Numeric types include validation (e.g., non-negative checks)
• Errors caught early rather than propagating through the system

4. Zero Runtime Overhead

• Uses AnyVal wrapper types which are erased at runtime
• No performance impact

5. Maintainability

• Easier to understand code intent
• Reduces cognitive load when reading code
• Makes refactoring safer

Testing Recommendations

1. Compile Tests: Verify all code compiles successfully
2. Unit Tests: Existing wallet tests should pass with wrapper types
3. API Tests: HTTP API tests should work unchanged (wrapping happens internally)
4. Integration Tests: Full wallet initialization/restore/unlock cycle
5. Validation Tests: Test that invalid values (negative numbers) are rejected

Backward Compatibility

• ✅ API unchanged: HTTP endpoints accept/return same JSON formats
• ✅ Storage unchanged: No changes to wallet file format or database
• ✅ Wire protocol unchanged: Network messages unaffected
• ⚠️ Internal APIs changed: Any code directly calling wallet methods needs updates

Files Modified

1. src/main/scala/org/ergoplatform/nodeView/wallet/WalletTypes.scala - NEW
2. src/main/scala/org/ergoplatform/nodeView/wallet/ErgoWalletActorMessages.scala - Modified
3. src/main/scala/org/ergoplatform/nodeView/wallet/ErgoWalletReader.scala - Modified
4. src/main/scala/org/ergoplatform/nodeView/wallet/ErgoWalletService.scala - Modified
5. src/main/scala/org/ergoplatform/http/api/WalletApiRoute.scala - Modified

Related Issues

• Addresses: Wrap primitive types in communication between API and the core #1005 (Wrap primitive types in communication between API and the core)
• Bounty: 100 ERG
• Category: Code Quality / Refactoring

Future Enhancements

Consider extending to other API areas:

• Transaction generation parameters
• Scan-related types
• Box collection parameters
• Network/blockchain parameters

[Copilot]

Pull request overview

This PR refactors the wallet module by replacing primitive types (String, Int, Boolean, Long) with descriptive domain-specific wrapper types throughout the communication between the API layer and core wallet logic. The refactoring enhances type safety and code documentation while maintaining zero runtime overhead through the use of AnyVal wrappers.

Key changes:

• Introduces 14 new domain-specific type wrappers in WalletTypes.scala for passwords, flags, indices, and numeric parameters
• Updates wallet actor messages, reader interfaces, service traits, and API routes to use these wrapper types
• Maintains backward compatibility at the HTTP API level by wrapping/unwrapping types at the API boundary

Reviewed changes

Copilot reviewed 10 out of 10 changed files in this pull request and generated 2 comments.

Show a summary per file

File	Description
src/main/scala/org/ergoplatform/nodeView/wallet/WalletTypes.scala	Defines new domain-specific wrapper types using AnyVal for zero overhead
src/main/scala/org/ergoplatform/nodeView/wallet/ErgoWalletActorMessages.scala	Updates message case classes to use wrapper types instead of primitives
src/main/scala/org/ergoplatform/nodeView/wallet/ErgoWalletReader.scala	Updates method signatures and wraps primitives when sending messages to wallet actor
src/main/scala/org/ergoplatform/nodeView/wallet/ErgoWalletService.scala	Updates trait and implementation to accept wrapper types and unwraps them for lower-level APIs
src/main/scala/org/ergoplatform/nodeView/wallet/ErgoWalletActor.scala	Updates message handlers to properly unwrap values using .value accessor
src/main/scala/org/ergoplatform/http/api/WalletApiRoute.scala	Wraps primitives at HTTP API boundary when calling wallet operations
src/main/scala/org/ergoplatform/http/api/ScriptApiRoute.scala	Updates script API to use BoxIndex wrapper for consistency
src/test/scala/org/ergoplatform/utils/WalletTestOps.scala	Updates test utilities to use wrapper types
src/test/scala/org/ergoplatform/utils/Stubs.scala	Updates wallet actor stub to unwrap values in message handlers
src/test/scala/org/ergoplatform/nodeView/wallet/ErgoWalletServiceSpec.scala	Updates service tests to wrap parameters when calling wallet operations

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[Copilot]

The type name ShouldSignTransaction is inconsistent with the naming pattern used in the PR description. According to the PR description, this should be named SignTransaction to match the pattern of other boolean wrapper types like UnspentOnly, ConsiderUnconfirmed, and IncludeUnconfirmed. The current name ShouldSignTransaction includes a "Should" prefix that is not present in other boolean wrappers, creating an inconsistency in the naming convention.

Suggested change

	final case class ShouldSignTransaction(value: Boolean) extends AnyVal
	final case class SignTransaction(value: Boolean) extends AnyVal

[Copilot]

The types ScanIdentifier, MinConfirmations, and MaxConfirmations are defined but do not appear to be used anywhere in this PR. These types are mentioned in the PR description as part of the changes, but they are not actually integrated into any message definitions or method signatures. Consider either implementing their usage or removing them from this file to avoid introducing dead code.